INVESTIGATIVE STUDY ON THE REFORM OF ENTERPRISE IN CHINA

我国企业改革的调查研究

• 批准号: 06045033
• 负责人: ZAMA Koichi
• 金额: $ 3.71万
• 依托单位: YAMAGUCHI UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06045033/
• 关键词: CHAINA; AUTO INDUSTRY; TECHNOLOGICAL TIE-UP; DIRECT INVESTMENT; INDUSTRIAL MODERNIZATION; MARKETTING; VORKSWAGEN GROUP; ECONOMIC REFORM; OPEN-DOOR POLICY; 対外投資; 企業改革; 企業集団; 部品産業; 上海フォルクスワ-ゲン社; 中国の産業政策; 外資政策; 中国の会社法; 中国の経営組織; 中国の労務管理; 企業

We studied the reform of Chinese enterprise through researching Chinee automotive industry. We gained following knowledge :1, In 80's China decentralised the power to local government and took the policy of marketization and open-door policy. Local government became a economic unit. As a result, the scatterzation and similarization of industrial structure were raised. It is very difficult to concentrate and modernize industries without local sacrifices.2, Central issue of the policy of automotive industry in China lies in concentration, technical modernization, and product prolification of the assembly and components industries, and approval and licensing toward production, investment and foreign capital/technology introduction are so designed as means of implementation of this policy. We can find two questions here : First comes from an irrational setting of automotive industry to be the locomotive for marketization/modernization of the social structures, corparate systems and industr … More ial infrastructure, contrary to automotive industry realizing as the reflection of these, Second, introduction of foreign capital can be achieved only from those firms which take higher risks because of their smaller global market penetration and weaker international competitiveness. These contradictions will necessitate revision of the policy to a higher standard of achievement and a slower timing of goal.3, We studied the structural and behavioral aspects of the Chinese enterprises which are forced to adapt themselves to the economic reformation especially from the point of view of marketing through hearing from managers in both Chinese and Japanese companies.4, Contemporary Chinese automobile manufacturers who are transfering advanced technology from foreign countries in a scattered manner, at company level, are also rushing to train necessary skilled manpower, without having a training policy that promote the integration of entire training activities at all levels -- the company, the industry and economy as a whole.5, Japanese car maker fell behind the continuous production of passenger car in China because they had to build up their firms and plant in America to make Japan U.S.auto issues better in 1980s. It is not clear wether they can take part in the passenger car production in China in recent future. If not, it means they will pass up the profit opportunity. But they should share the great profit opportunity with chinese companies to solve the problems of environment and natural resources next to the mass production of passenger car.6, We studied the struggle and strategies for survival going on among the German automobile companies, especially on the case study of Volkswagen Group which made a big investment in the plants in Shanghai and in Changchun, China. We explains the competitive, organizational and marketing strategies of Volkswagen Group currently acrambling to get the share in Asia. The empirical core of here is a latest research of the extent to which the global strategies of Volkswagen Group has permeated the markets in China and in Asia. Less

我们通过研究中国汽车工业来研究中国企业的改革。我们得到以下认识： 1、80年代中国放权于地方政府，实行市场化和开放政策。地方政府成为一个经济单位。从而提高了产业结构的分散性和相似性。如果不做出地方牺牲，产业集中化和现代化是非常困难的。 2、中国汽车产业政策的核心问题在于装配和零部件产业的集中化、技术现代化和产品多样化，而对生产、投资和外资/技术引进的审批和许可就是这一政策的实施手段。这里我们可以发现两个问题：一是汽车产业作为社会结构、企业制度和产业基础设施市场化/现代化的火车头的设定不合理，而汽车产业的实现却恰恰相反；二是引进外资只能从那些全球市场渗透率较小、国际竞争力较弱、承担较高风险的企业来实现。这些矛盾将需要对政策进行修改，以达到更高的实现标准和更慢的目标实现时间。 3、我们通过听取中日企业管理者的意见，特别是从营销的角度，研究了被迫适应经济改革的中国企业的结构和行为方面。 4、当代中国汽车制造商在公司层面上分散地从国外转移先进技术，也在争先恐后地进行调整。 5、日本汽车制造商落后于中国客车的持续生产，因为他们不得不在美国建立公司和工厂，以改善日本在美国的汽车问题。目前尚不清楚他们近期是否可以参与中国的乘用车生产。如果不这样做，就意味着他们将放弃获利的机会。但他们应该与中国企业分享巨大的利润机会，解决乘用车大规模生产之后的环境和自然资源问题。 6、我们研究了德国汽车企业的生存斗争和策略，特别是对大众集团在上海和中国长春工厂进行了大量投资的案例研究。我们解释了大众汽车集团目前竞相争夺亚洲市场份额的竞争、组织和营销策略。这里的实证核心是对大众集团全球战略对中国和亚洲市场渗透程度的最新研究。较少的

项目成果

山代研一: "中国の自動車産業政策と外資の役割 -予備的考察-" 東亜経済研究. 55-1. 25-41 (1995)

山城健一：“中国汽车产业政策与外资的作用——初步考虑——”东亚经济研究55-1（1995）。

Koichi Zama: "Marketization of Economy and Reform of State-owned Enterprise in China" WEIHAI SHEHUE KUXUE [Weihai Social Science]. 12. 35-38 (1996)

座间浩一：《经济市场化与中国国有企业改革》威海社会科学[威海社会科学]。

Kenichi Yamashiro, et al: "Interviews with the Chinese Auto-Industry Leaders (Nov.1996)" Toa-Keizai Kenkyu [East-Asian Review]. 56-2 (plan). (1997)

Kenichi Yamashiro 等人：“中国汽车工业领袖访谈（1996 年 11 月）”Toa-Keizai Kenkyu [东亚评论]。

Kenichi Yamashiro, et al: "Interviews with the Chinese Auto-Industry Leaders (Oct.1994)" Toa-Keizai Kenkyu [East-Asian Review]. 55-3. 123-168 (1996)

Kenichi Yamashiro 等人：“中国汽车工业领袖访谈录（1994 年 10 月）”Toa-Keizai Kenkyu [东亚评论]。

Masayuki Kometani: "The Role of Marketing in the Process of Industrial Evolution in China" Toa-Keizai Kenkyu [East-Asian Review]. 56-2 (plan). (1997)

Masayuki Kometani：“营销在中国工业演化过程中的作用”Toa-Keizai Kenkyu [东亚评论]。