An Inquiry into the History of Theories of Instability and Controllability of Money and Credit.

这一研究项目旨在促进西方和日本在货币和信用制度不稳定和可控性理论史上的研究。它将有助于修正西方马里安经济学在参考凯恩斯主义和后凯恩斯主义贡献方面的弱点，动员在这一领域积累的日本马克思主义研究。该项目是在1995-96两个财政年度与伦敦大学的Costas Lapavitsas博士合作完成的。主要成果收录在合著《货币与金融的政治经济学》(伦敦：麦克米伦)中。其手稿正在完成，以便在1997年3月底之前送交出版商。我们还有一个进一步的计划，要制作一本日文版的联合手册。本研究项目的主要成果概括如下：(1)自经济学开始系统增长以来，金字塔结构在货币信贷…中的作用更多的是为了促进资本主义市场体系的效率，不断引起主流学派的关注，同时他们对放大资本主义市场经济内在不稳定性的作用也在不断强调。在这一点上的不同观点一直是重要争议的来源。(2)在这方面，关于国家和中央银行的责任和限制，一直存在相互矛盾的理论观点。(3)从马克思学派的角度看，货币信用理论的争议史是在资本主义经济制度基本无政府主义形成的基础上，对货币和信用制度特征功能的理论反映。在当代经济学派看来，这些争论也代表了资本主义发展的实际历史背景。在资本主义发展的不同阶段，资本积累的不同阶段是这些方面的重要背景。(4)与资本主义经济的情况相比，货币和信贷在不同类型的社会主义经济中可能发挥的作用也作为补充进行了调查。较少

This research project intended to promote both Western and Japanese studies in the history of theories on instability and controllability of money and the credit system. It would serve to revise the weakness of Western Marian economics in reference to the Keynesian and Post-Keynesian contributions by mobilizing the accumulated Japanese Marxian studies in this field.The project was performed in two fiscal years 1995-96 by cooperation with Dr. Costas Lapavitsas in University of London. The main results are incorporated into a joint-book, Makoto Itoh and Costas Lapavitsas, Political Economy of Money and Finance (London : Macmillan). Its manuscript is being completed so as to be sent to the publisher by the end of March 1997. We have a further plan to make a Japanese version of the joint-book too. The main achievements of this research project would be summarized as follow ;(1) Since the very beginning of systematic growth of economics, the role of the pyramid structure of money and credit … More to promote the efficiency of the capitalist market system has continuously gathered attention of dominant schools, while their role to amplify intrinsic instability of capitalist market economy has also contemporaneously stressed. The different views on this point have been an incessant source of important controversies. (2) In relation with this, there have been rival theoretical views concerning the responsibility and limitations of the State and the central banks. (3) From the view of Marxian school, we can understand the controversial history of theories of money and credit as a theoretical reflection of the characteristic functions of money and the credit system upon the ground of basically anarchical formation of capitalist economic system. The controversies also represent the actual historical contexts of capitalist development in the view of contemporary economic schools. The changing phases of capital accumulation in different stages of capitalist development are essential backgrounds in these regards. (4) In comparison with the case in capitalist economies, the possible roles of money and credit in different types of socialist economies are also investigated as an addendum. Less