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Long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission in hyperstriatum of neonatal chicks : Mechanisms of "Imprinting"

新生雏鸡上纹状体突触传递的长期增强：“印记”机制

基本信息

批准号：
07680882
负责人：
MATSUSHIMA Toshiya
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07680882/
关键词：
Brain Memory Behavior Imprinting Immediate early gene Synapse Long-term Potentiation 長期増強発達学習

项目摘要

(1) Behavioral studies on habituation and reinforced learning in the feeding behavior.Neonatal chicks peck at small and conspicuous objects. This action is innate and not requiring postnatal experiences, which however drastically change the preferences of the pecking action. In this study, habituation to neutral stimuli and reinforced one-trial learning were examined in this study.The pecking action showed a strong habituation for stimulus object that was repeatedly presented, irrespectively of where the interval was short (5min) or long (1 hour). The habituated response was not observed when an object of the same size, shape but of sifferenent color was presented, indicating that the memory content was mainly its color. The passive avoidance learning reinforced by aversive taste, on the other hand, was formed after a single experience of pecking a bitter object, and the accompanying memory content covered not only the color, but also its shape and procedure of the object presentation. … More The same object could thus be stored in different manners in the central nervous system, and the neural mechanisms underlying these two forms of memory should be analyzed.(2) Neurological studies on causal relationships between immediate early gene (c-fos) and LTP.Expression of immediate early gene (c-fos) in a hyperstriatal region (IMHV) has been shown to correlate significantly with the strength of learming accomplished in the imprinting paradigm (McCabe and Horn 1994). Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission, on the other hand, has been assumed to constitute the cellular basis of memory formation (Matsushima and Aoki 1995). In this study, the causal relationships between the c-fos expression and LTP has been analyzed.Experimental condition sufficient for inducing LTP in the local synaptic transmission (5Hzx300pulses) failed to enhance the c-fos expression. Conversely, those slices where endogenous expression of c-fos was high, the conditioning electrical stimulation failed to induce LTP.Furthermore, an antagonist of GABA-A receptors (biuculline) locked the LTP,while the c-fos expression was somewhat enhanced.Both of the c-fos expression and the synaptic LTP are plastic process which depend on the preceding neural activities, however, the underlying cellular mechanisms proved to be distinct. Rather, the c-fos expression tended to negatively correlated with the LTP.The molecular cascades for these processes remains to be unraveled, particularly in relation to the sensitive period of the filial learning. Less

(1)摄食行为中习惯化与强化学习的行为学研究新生小鸡会啄食小而显眼的物体。这个动作是天生的，不需要后天的经验，然而，这大大改变了啄动作的偏好。本研究考察了对中性刺激的习惯化和强化的一次尝试性学习，结果表明，啄动作对重复出现的刺激对象表现出强烈的习惯化，无论间隔时间是短的（5分钟）还是长的（1小时）。当呈现相同大小、形状但不同颜色的物体时，没有观察到习惯化反应，表明记忆内容主要是颜色。而由厌恶性味觉强化的被动回避学习则是在一次啄苦物的体验后形成的，伴随的记忆内容不仅包括颜色，还包括物体呈现的形状和过程。 ...更多信息因此，同一个物体在中枢神经系统中可能以不同的方式存储，这两种形式的记忆背后的神经机制应该加以分析。(2)即刻早期基因（immediate early gene，c-fos）与LTP之间因果关系的神经学研究表明，即刻早期基因（immediate early gene，c-fos）在纹状体上区（hyperstriatal region，IMHV）的表达与印记范式中完成的学习强度显著相关（McCabe and Horn 1994）。另一方面，突触传递的长时程增强（LTP）被认为是记忆形成的细胞基础（Matsushima and Aoki 1995）。本研究分析了c-fos表达与LTP之间的因果关系，发现在局部突触传递中足以诱导LTP的实验条件（5 Hzx 300脉冲）不能增强c-fos表达。在内源性c-fos高表达的脑片上，条件电刺激不能诱导LTP，GABA-A受体拮抗剂（荷包牡丹碱）可阻断LTP，而c-fos表达有所增强，c-fos表达和突触LTP均为可塑性过程，依赖于神经元的活动，但其细胞机制不同。相反，c-fos表达与LTP呈负相关，这些过程的分子级联反应仍有待阐明，特别是与子代学习敏感期的关系。少