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A Study on Educated Unemployment in Asia

亚洲受过教育的失业研究

基本信息

批准号：
08041051
负责人：
MUTA Hiromitsu
金额：
$ 4.03万
依托单位：
TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Development of human resources requires long time and huge investment. It is a waste of valuable resources if trained manpower is not utilized. The following are the factors contributing to create the gap between the schemes of human resource development and the utilization of fruits borne.(1) Imbalance between supply and demand of the educated1) Different pace of development of economy and education ; 2) Economic cycle and the stability of education ; 3) Mismatch of workers' majors and knowledge required in work ; 4) Difficulty of forecast ; 5) Insufficient information on employment opportunities ; 6) Increase of labor force(2) High expectancy for good educational background1) Ideas for the expansion of education and pressure groups ; 2) Malfunction of the market mechanism ; 3) Large wage gaps ; 4) Scope for being unemployed ; 5) Government subsidies to educational costs ; 6) Zeal for degrees and certificates ; 7) The significance of the public sector ; 8) Passport to the modem sectorThe unemployment problem of the highly educated may be solved by following economical development in the long run. This is an important issue which has to be treated with great consideration in developing education and economic plans. Due to the economical crisis in Indonesia, the unemployment rate increased from 5.4% in 1996 to 17.5% in 1998, and the enrollment rate of higher education institutions has decreased. If the economy recovers, the enrolment rate of the higher education institutions may recover faster if the social appraisal of educational career doesn't change.

人力资源开发需要长期、巨大的投入。如果不利用经过培训的人力，就会浪费宝贵的资源。造成人力资源开发计划与成果利用之间差距的因素如下：（1）受教育者供需失衡1）经济和教育发展速度不同； 2）经济周期与教育稳定性； 3）工人专业与工作所需知识不匹配； 4）预测难度； 5）就业机会信息不足； 6）劳动力增加（2）对良好教育背景的高期望1）扩大教育和压力群体的想法； 2）市场机制失灵； 3）工资差距大； 4）失业范围； 5）政府对教育费用的补贴； 6) 热衷于学位和证书； 7）公共部门的重要性； 8）进入现代部门的通行证从长远来看，受过高等教育的失业问题可以通过经济发展来解决。这是制定教育和经济计划时必须认真考虑的一个重要问题。由于印尼经济危机，失业率从1996年的5.4%上升到1998年的17.5%，高等教育机构的入学率有所下降。如果经济复苏，在社会对教育事业的评价不改变的情况下，高等教育的入学率可能恢复得更快。