Development of methods for training school teachers and university students in teacher-training courses to adopt information technologies

本研究的目的是发展在教师培训课程中训练学校教师和大学生采用资讯科技的方法。为此，我们审查和修改了课程，以便在日常解决问题的过程中使用计算机和信息网络等信息技术。然后，我们通过将新课程中的活动与学校教师的讲习班联系起来，开发了提高学校教师和学生信息素养的方法。在实际研究中，我们提出了一种利用老式个人计算机和ferr软件以最少的人力和预算开发计算环境的方法。此外，我们建议信息技术在教师培训课程中的应用应侧重于“教育方法与技术学科”和“实践教学”，而应用技术应在具体学科的教学方法课程或选修课程中加以处理。在这方面，我们建议在将信息技术引入课程之前，应该给学生一个提高计算机素养的培训计划，并且这个计划应该作为一个额外的课程计划来提供，这样就不会妨碍课程最初目标的实现。研究发现，在“关于教育方法和技术的学科”中，通过制定教学计划或教材等小组活动比通过冗长的讨论更有效地引入技术。此外，我们让学生通过网络提交他们的项目，并意识到让他们熟悉信息技术是很重要的。在实践培训中，信息技术的使用在耗时的任务中是有效的，例如在实践教学和讨论之前和之后交换信息，因为学生可以访问办公室的计算机环境。学生们意识到客观看待自己发出的信息的重要性，以及分享和利用信息的重要性。最后，人们发现开发人力资源如助教和改善大学前信息技术教育是非常重要的。这项研究的结果已在网上公布，并提供给公众，与他们分享我们的发现。少

This study aims at the development of methods for training school teachers and university students in teacher-training courses to adopt information technologies. For this end we examined and modified curricula so that information technologies such as computers and information network are employed in day-to-day problem solving processes. Then we developed methods for enhancing information literacy fo both school teachers and students by linking activities in the new curricula and workshops of school teachers.As to practical studies, we proposed a method for the development of computing environment with the minimum manpower and budget utilizing old-style personal computers and ferr software. Also, we proposed that the use of information technologies in the teacher-training curricula should be focused on that in "subjects on educational methods and techniques" and "practice teaching" while applied technologies should be dealt with in classes on teaching methods for specific subjects or in … More elective courses. In this regard we suggested that the students should be given a training program for the enhancement of computer literacy prior to the introduction of information technologies to the curriculum and that such program should be given as an extra curricula program so as not to hinder the achievement of the original objectives of the curriculum.It has been found that the introduction of technologies in "subjects on educational methods and techniques" is more effectively conducted through group activities such as developing teaching plans or teaching materials than through lengthy discussions. Furthermore, we had the students hand in their projects through network and realized that it is important to make them familiar with information technologies.In practice training the use of information technologies was effective in time- consuming tasks such as exchanging information before and after practice teaching and discussions because the students had access to the computing environment in their offices. The students realized the importance of having an objective view on the information that they sent out and the significance of sharing and utilizing information.Finally, it has been found to be of great importance to develop human resources such as teaching assistants and to improve pre-university education on information technologies. The outcome of this study has been published on network and offered to the public to share our findings with them. Less