Comparative embryological study on the molecular function of organizing centers in animal development

动物发育组织中心分子功能的比较胚胎学研究

• 批准号: 08308039
• 负责人: YASUGI Sadao
• 金额: $ 16.9万
• 依托单位: TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08308039/
• 关键词: Organizing center; organizer; comparative embryology; molecular embryology; germ layer formation; morphogenesis; chordates; echinoderms; オ-ガナイザー; 分子生物学

The aim of this research group is to analyze from the view point of comparative embryology the molecular mechanims of the oraganizing center in deuterostome animals which plays important roles in determination of body axis and construction of body organization. Organizing center of each animal group has specific molecular action but, by the evolutionary constraints, ratains functionally and morphologically homologous domains. the main results obtained during 3 years can be summarized as follows :1. The method to identify determinants in starfish was established. It will contribute much to the understanding of the molecular nature of organizing center in the echinoderms. Also genetic analysis of binding protein to exogastrulation- inducing peptide and of genes expressed spcifically in the micromeres which work as the organizing center was carried out.2. As to the ascidinas, almost all aspects of mesoderm differentiation were elucidated. With using the antibody which recognizes the diffe … More rentiated state of the mesenchymal cells, the autonomy and determinants involved in the mesenchymal differentiation were analyzed. The analysis led to the conclusion that the differentiation of mesenchyme was reglutated both by determinants and cell-to-cell interactions. This study clearly demonstrated that there exists organizing center also in the ascidian embryos which develop with mosaic pattern.3. The notion of organizing center in the fish and amphibians has been rather different so far. However, the study in this research group, especially on fish, showed that many genes are working in common between these two groups of vertebrates. Espcially, the organizing center of zebrafish was located to yolk syncythial cells, by elaborated experimental manipulations.4. In the birds and mammals, the organizing center is the node. Cells differentiate into layers after going through this part of embryos. This process was precisely analyzed in the bird, while the formation and function of notochord in mammal was studied with T/t complex mutants. These studies made it possible to compare the organizing center of the higher vertebrates and that of other animal groups. Less

本课课组旨在从比较胚胎学的角度分析后口动物组织中心的分子机制，该组织中心在体轴的确定和体组织的构建中起着重要作用。每个动物类群的组织中心都具有特定的分子作用，但由于进化的限制，组织中心在功能和形态上都具有同源结构域。三年来取得的主要成果如下：建立了海星中决定因素的鉴别方法。这对了解棘皮动物组织中心的分子性质具有重要意义。并对诱导外泌乳肽结合蛋白和作为组织中心的微粒中特异性表达的基因进行了遗传分析。关于腺瘤，几乎阐明了中胚层分化的所有方面。利用识别间充质细胞分化状态的抗体，分析了间充质细胞分化的自主性和决定因素。分析结果表明，间质的分化受决定因素和细胞间相互作用的调控。本研究清楚地表明，海鞘胚胎也存在着组织中心，并以镶嵌模式发育。迄今为止，鱼类和两栖动物的组织中心的概念相当不同。然而，这个研究小组的研究，特别是对鱼类的研究表明，这两类脊椎动物之间有许多共同的基因。通过详细的实验操作，将斑马鱼的组织中心定位在卵黄合胞细胞上。在鸟类和哺乳动物中，组织中心是节点。细胞经过胚胎的这一部分后分化成几层。在鸟类中精确地分析了这一过程，而在哺乳动物中利用T/ T复合突变体研究了脊索的形成和功能。这些研究使得比较高等脊椎动物和其他动物群的组织中心成为可能。少

项目成果

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