The Examination of Various Living Conditions Affecting Health and Physical Fitness in Elderly People.

本研究的主要目的是考察各种生活条件对老年人健康和体质的影响。考虑理论效度，选取各体能要素、感知健康和生活条件项目的体能表现测试。首先，对体质和体质的因子结构进行检验，并对体质和体质随年龄的变化及其性别差异进行检验。其次，基于横断面数据，检验了感知健康程度（DPH）与身体素质和生活条件之间的关系。基本体质（FPF）与健康状况、日常生活活动和饮食习惯的关系也进行了调查。本研究的研究结果可以总结为：1。(1)在体质领域，三个因素分别被解释为身体线性度、体体积和体脂。随着年龄的增长，两组的身体体积和身体线性度都有所下降。(2)在体质领域，肌肉力量、上肢和下肢敏捷性、平衡性和柔韧性4个因素分别被解释为随年龄增长而下降的因素。(3)衰老对肌力和平衡的影响大于对上肢和下肢柔韧性和敏捷性的影响。2. (1)只有DPH与柔性因子之间的关系显著。(2) DPH、BMI与年龄无显著相关。(3)精神压力刺激、睡前进食或社会贡献、体育活动等生活条件对dph均有影响。(1)生活条件作为健康状况、日常生活活动和饮食习惯对FPF的影响是一个复合因素。(2)运动习惯、既往疾病和损伤困扰的存在、就寝时间和年龄等因素对FPF下降的影响较大。(3) FPF随年龄的增长呈下降趋势，但每周1天或1周以上的持续锻炼似乎可以有效延缓FPF随年龄的下降。(4)各生活条件对FPF的影响在60、70岁年龄段存在差异。少

The main purpose of this study was to examine various living conditions affecting health and physical fitness in elderly people. Physical fitness performance tests from each physical fitness element, items on perceived health and living conditions were selected considering theoretical validity. Firstly, factorial structures of physique and physical fitness were examined and the examination of the change of physique and physical fitness with age and its sex difference was done. Secondly, based on a cross-sectional data, the relationships between the degree of perceived health (DPH), and physical fitness and living conditions were examined. The relationships of fundamental physical fitness (FPF) and health-conditions, activities of daily living, and food habits also were examined. The findings in this study can be summarized as follow : 1. (1) In physique domain, three factors were interpreted as body linearity, body bulk and body fat respectively. Body bulk and body linearity in both se … More xes decrease with age. (2) In physical fitness domain, four factors were interpreted as muscular strength, agility of upper and lower limbs, balance and flexibility respectively, and they show a declining trend with age in both sexes. (3) The influence of aging in muscular strength and balance is greater than that in flexibility and agility of upper and lower limbs. 2. (1) Only the relationship between the DPH and flexibility-factor is significant. (2) There are no significant relations between the DPH,and BMI and age. (3) The living conditions as the irritation by the mental stress and eating before asleep or the social contribution and the physical activities have an influence on the DPH.3. (1) The living conditions as health-conditions, activities of daily living and food habits influence on FPF as a composite factor. (2) The elements of exercise habit, the existence of the trouble caused by past disease and injury, bedtime and age have greater influence on the decline of FPF.(3) FPF shows a decreasing trend with age, but the continuous exercise enforcement on one day or more a week, seems to be effective in postponing the decline of FPF related to age. (4) The influence of ech living condition to FPF differs in the 60 and 70 age levels. Less