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The study of spatial-temporal processing of environmental information and releasing mechanisms of the behavior by micro-brain systems.

研究微脑系统对环境信息的时空加工及行为释放机制。

基本信息

批准号：
11168207
负责人：
KANZAKI Ryohei
金额：
$ 39.23万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (A)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Environmental information changes from moment to moment. Insects acquire and process this complex information, and display the appropriate behavior. Odor molecules float in the air and continuously change their distribution status in space in complex patterns. Insects can trace the pheromone to orient toward a mate over several kilometers away. The aim of the study is to understand how odor information is processed by the micro-brain systems of insects, and how the information participates in generating and guiding odor-oriented behavior.In a walking moth species, Bumbyx mori, the walking toward the pheromone source is controlled by a combination of a reflex and a self-generated zigzag program, which are both triggered by intermittent pheromonal stimulation. First, males begin to show a brief straight-line walk to the same direction of the antenna where the stimulation was applied. Then the programmed sequence of the zigzag-walking pattern is initiated, which consists of zigzagging tur … More ns and followed by looping behavior. Inter-turn interval time of the zigzag turns increases significantly turn by turn. The programmed sequence of the movements is 'reset' and 'restarted' from the beginning in response to each pulsed pheromonal stimulation.Pheromone-triggered brief excitation and a flipflopping neural activity pattern, whose response characteristics are similar to electric memory element (flipflop), generated in the microbrain and transmitted to a motor system in the thoracic ganglion play an important role for controlling the straight-line walking and the zigzag turns, respectively. Using such programmed behavior, and repeating the set and the reset of the program depending on the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of odors in the air, Bombyx males can orient toward the odor source without using complex memory and learning. Such behavioral strategies based on the neural mechanisms were evaluated by a small mobile robot, which had male moth antennae for detecting the pheromone. Less

环境信息随时都在变化。昆虫获取和处理这些复杂的信息，并表现出相应的行为。气味分子漂浮在空气中，并以复杂的模式不断改变其在空间中的分布状态。昆虫可以追踪信息素，并在几公里外找到配偶。本研究的目的是了解昆虫微脑系统如何处理气味信息，以及这些信息如何参与产生和引导气味导向行为。在一种行走的蛾类中，家蚕（Bumbyx mori）向信息素源的行走是由反射和自发的Z字形程序相结合控制的，这两种程序都由间歇性信息素刺激触发。首先，雄性开始向施加刺激的天线的相同方向显示出短暂的直线行走。然后，启动程序化的“双标记-行走”模式序列，该序列由双标记、双标记和双标记组成。 ...更多信息 ns，然后是循环行为。曲折转弯的转弯间隔时间逐转弯显著增加。信息素触发的短暂兴奋和翻转的神经活动模式，其响应特征类似于电记忆元件（触发器），在微脑中产生并传递到胸神经节中的运动系统，对于控制直肌-直线行走和之字形转弯。利用这种程序化的行为，并根据空气中气味的空间和时间分布模式来重复程序的设置和重置，雄性黑猩猩可以在不使用复杂的记忆和学习的情况下朝向气味源定向。这种基于神经机制的行为策略由一个小型移动的机器人进行评估，该机器人具有用于检测信息素的雄蛾触角。少