Development of Biomaterials which Induce Tissue and Organ

研究表明，作为支架材料的HAP-BMP复合材料和人工膜-BMP复合材料均可诱导新生骨和软骨，是一种有应用价值的组织器官诱导型生物材料。然而，以骨形态发生蛋白为骨架的种植体外形要求表面光滑，边缘不锋利。因此，对羟基磷灰石的表面进行润滑，去除尖锐的边缘是非常重要的。在HAP管状内部空隙内很难诱导出新骨。说明BMP不仅是骨诱导的一个因素，也是影响成骨的另一个未知因素。血管内皮生长因子或其他一些因子可能是新骨形成的辅助因子，这些信息被认为对下一步的计划有很大的帮助。所有人工膜-BMP复合材料均有新骨形成，适用于临床应用，如牙周膜移植。当使用生物可降解膜时，在体外诱导新的软骨是非常困难的。为了将这种材料应用于临床，还需要进行更多的基础研究工作。目前在人工膜上进行软骨诱导的研究只有一篇报道。本项目成功地在醋酸膜上进行了新的软骨形成。这种诱导只停留在软骨期，没有进展到成骨，但通过体内移植该系统可以形成新的骨。通过这些实验，我们研制出了两种组织器官生物材料，即HAP-BMP复合材料和人工膜-BMP复合材料，为该材料的临床应用积累了重要信息。

It is elucidated that both HAP-BMP composite material, which was used as a frame works, and artificial membrane - BMP composite material induced new bone and cartilage , those are useful as tissue organ inducible biomaterials. However, outer shape of implant, which was constructed with BMP as a framework, should have smooth surface and no sharp edge. Therefore, lubricating the surface of HAP and delete of the sharp edge is remarkably important. It is very hard to induce new bone inside of the inner vacant space of tubules shape of HAP. It demonstrates that not only the BMP is a factor of bone induction but also another unknown factor influence the osteogenesity. VEGF(vascular endothelial growth factor) or some other factors could be a cofactor for the new bone formation.It is considered that this information contributes largely to the next project. All artificial membrane -BMP composite showed new bone formation, and those are applicable for the clinical usage, such as GTR method. When biodegradable membrane is used, induction of new cartilage in vitro was very hard. More basic research work is necessary on this material for the application to clinical usage. There was only one research report for the cartilage induction on the artificial membrane previously. New cartilage formation on acetate membrane was successfully performed in this project. This induction remained only cartilage stage and not progress to osteoinduction but new bone formation could be possible by transplanting this system in vivo. Consequently, two kinds of tissue organ biomaterials, which are HAP-BMP composite and artificial membrane - BMP composite, are developed through these experiments, and important information for the application of this material for the clinical usage was accumulated.