The great importance of civil education or formation of civism in schools and the policies of prevention of youth's delinquency and school violence in France

1. 本研究的目的是分析法国为预防青少年犯罪和校园暴力而实施的几项政策。这些问题是各个发达国家普遍存在的教育弊病，因此，通过法国的案例来思考日本的政策和方案是非常重要的。目前在法国，每1 000名学生中有3.5人发生校园暴力，特别是在郊区。暴力的数量不仅在增加，而且内容也很残忍，甚至包括威胁、盗窃、伤害和谋杀。同时，教师也是受害者。法国政府为年轻人创造就业机会，以减少失业的担忧，并对违规者进行严厉的惩罚。但除了这些政策之外，它还丰富了公民在学校的教育，并发展了学生参与学校管理的制度。我两次去格勒诺布尔当地的教育部门，pierre JOURDAN博士和damien DURAND博士为我提供了许多建议或建议，他们为中学生出版了30年的公民指南（Delegue flash）。除此之外，我们还翻译出版了一本书；“法国中学生-参与学校管治及公民意识的形成”

1. The aim of this research is the analysis of the several policies that are carried out in France for prevention of juvenile delinquency and school violence. These problems are common educational sickness in various developped countries, so that there is very important in thinking about the policies and programs in Japan through french cases2. At present in France, 3.5 school violence occurs per 1,000 pupils, especially in suburb areas. The number of violence is not only increasing, but also the contents are cruel even including the threat, the theft, the injury and the murder. Also, the teaching sfaff is a victimThe french government creates the employment for young people for reducing the worry of the unemployment and impose strict punishment on the violator. But in addition to these policies, it enriches the education of the citizen at school and develops the system of pupils participation to school governance3. I went to the local educational authorities in Grenoble two times and I was given many suggestions or advices by Dr.Pierre JOURDAN and Dr.Damien DURAND who have published the citizenship guidebook(Delegue flash) for the secondary school pupils for thirty yearsAs the result of this research, we published several research articles and read the paper. Besides these, we translated and published a book;"Secondary Pupils in France- Their Participation to School Governance and Formation of Citizenship"