Analytical Research on the Relationship between Science Teachers' Value of Science and Method of Science Teaching

什么样的科学教学方法取决于教师的科学本质观和教学经验？有很多地区的年轻教师由有经验的教师指导，并能够在在职培训中改进他们的科学教学方法。假设-演绎教学法是一种传统的教学方法，强调观察和实验。而且，科学的内容非常庞大，这就要求在初高中科学教学中以科学知识为中心进行教学。本研究的主要目的是探讨科学教师对科学本质的理解与科学教学方法之间的关系。科学教师对科学本质的理解基本上是传统的，在科学教学中强调归纳或演绎的方式。然而，讲课的方法和技巧通常是用来促进学生的理解- ...更多信息 由于高考的原因，科学知识作为内容。本研究以65名初中理科教师为被试，设计了16个项目的“理科教学中对科学本质的把握”问卷，并与大学生（理科专业）的调查结果进行比较。本研究在McComas W.F（2000）研究的基础上设计了“科学教学中的科学本质”和“科学家所做的科学”两个调查项目共16个试卷测试。本研究的主要结果如下：（1）教师对科学的限度的理解（2）教师对科学想象元素的理解（根据学生的想法进行观察和实验）比学生更极端消极;（3）学生对实验作用的认识（科学是由实验引导的）比教师的观点更肯定;（4）教师和学生对科学知识的试探性、前概念、科学的主体性、以及推理在科学的文化和科学中的作用，可以说，有必要对科学教师教育中的“科学本质理解”进行正确的反思。在以科学本质为基础的科学教学实践中，引入观察、实验和学生讨论的意义是必要的。在科学教学的实践和评价中，对科学教学的动态改进将是非常重要和根本的。少

What method of science teaching depends on teacher's idea of the Nature of Science and his/her teaching experience? There are a lot of districts where young teachers are mentored by the experienced teachers and are able to improve their method of science teaching in inservice training. The hypothesis-deductive instruction is a traditional method which observation and the experiment are emphasized. Moreover, the content of science is very large to teach students, which require science knowledge centered instruction in science teaching in junior and senior high schools. To identify the relationship between science teachers' understanding of "The Nature of Science (NOS)" and method of science teaching is main purpose in this research. The science teachers' understanding of the nature of science are fundamentally traditional, which emphasize the inductive or deductive way in science teaching. However, the lecture methods and techniques is usually used to promote students' understanding of- … More the science knowledge as content because of the entrance examinations. So most of teachers ignore "NOS" in science teaching.We designed the questionnaire concerning "Handling of the nature of science in the science teaching" which has 16 items for 65 junior high school science teachers, compared with the result of the university students (science major). In this research, 16 investigation item of paper test consist of "the Nature of Science in science teaching" and "Science which the scientist did" which was designed based on the research by McComas W.F (2000). The followings were the main results of this research ; (1) The teachers' understanding on the limit of the science (utility of the content of study) is more affirmative than that of the students ; (2) The teachers understanding on the imaginative elements of the science (execution of the observation and the experiment based on student's idea) is more extremely negative than the students ; (3) The students' understanding of the role of the experiment (The science is led by the experiment) is more affirmative than that of the teachers ; and, (4) The teachers and the students must be affirmative on the understanding in the tentativeness of science knowledge, the preconception, the subjectivity of the science, and the role of the inference in the culture and the science of the science.It can be said that it is necessary to review "the understanding of the Nature of Science" in the science teacher education correctly. Moreover, introducing the meaning of the observation and the experiment and the discussions by the students in the practice of the science teaching by which the nature of the science is assumed to be a base is necessary. In the practice and the evaluation of science teaching will be very important and essentially to improve science teaching dynamically. Less