Clinical Research on Science Education and application to Science Teacher Education

课例研究应贯穿于教师、学生和教材的教与学活动中，教师、学生和教材是课程的基本要素。说课技能是教师必备的技能。本研究以录像形式记录了中小学科学课堂教学过程，并对教学过程进行了分析。采用Y. Ogura（2003年）。分析的观点分为以下几类：第一类：改进学习内容、学习任务、学习内容、学习方法、前课衔接;第二类：教学技巧、课堂风格、教材、学习过程评价;第三类：激活学生学习、支持学生学习、鼓励学生自主学习、时间管理;第四类：学习环境;良好的班风、良好的人际关系、良好的学习环境，这些范畴为教学活动过程中的课例研究提供了明确的视角。(1)I已经开发出同时使用两个摄像机的视频记录的更好的方法。（2）大学生利用科学课录像进行课堂学习的观点的结果是：有教学实践经验（5周）的学生能提出更多的评论，这些评论具有更广泛的类别观点。然而，没有教学经验的学生不能指出具有较小类别的评论。在我的“好的科学课”的演讲之后，教师对科学课活动的构建提出了不同的观点，学生在科学课的评论中改变了许多观点，这个项目应该继续为学校教师服务。在教师教育中，应探索更好地培养学生的课例研究技能的方法。

Lesson Study should be done in the process of teaching-learning activities about teacher, students and teaching materials which are fundamental factors of lessons. Skill of lesson study is required for school teachers. I have developed this project with video-recording of science classes of elementary and secondary levels and analyzing the process of teaching-learning activities. I used analytical method which was developed by Y. Ogura(2003). The analytical viewpoints are categorized as follows;Category I : Improving the content of learning; leaning tasks, contents, method of learning, linkage of prior lessonsCategory II : Teaching Skills; lesson style, teaching materials, assessment of learning processCategory III : Activating students' learning; support for students learning, encourage for students' autonomy, time managementCategory IV : Learning environment; good atmosphere in class, good human relationship, learning environmentThese categories above give clear view points for lesson study in the process of teaching-learning activities.(1)I have developed better way for video recording which use two video cameras simultaneously.(2)The results of view points of lesson study by university students using science class videos are ;Students who have experience of teaching practice (5 weeks) could have pointed out more comments which have wider view-points of categories. However, Students who do not have teaching experience could not have pointed put comments which have lesser categories. After my presentation about good science class which makes various view points to construct science class activities by teachers, students have changed many view points in the comments of science lesson.This project should be continued for school teachers. And we should study the better method of developing lesson study skills in teacher education.