Clinical Research on Science Education and application to Science Teacher Education

教师、学生和教材是构成课程的基本要素，在教学活动过程中也要进行课例研究。课堂教学技能是学校教师的必备技能。我开发了这个项目，通过对中小学科学课的录像，并分析教与学活动的过程。我使用了由Y.Ogura(2003)发展的分析方法。分析观点如下：第一类：改进学习内容；第二类：教学技巧；第二类：教学技巧；第二类：教学风格、教材、学习过程评价；第三类：激发学生学习；支持学生学习；鼓励学生自主学习、时间管理；第四类：学习环境；良好的课堂氛围、良好的人际关系、良好的学习环境这些类别为教学活动中的课堂学习提供了明确的观点。(1)我开发了更好的同时使用两个摄像头的视频记录方式。(2)大学生使用理科课堂视频学习课堂观点的结果是；有教学实践经验(5周)的学生可以指出更多的评论，具有更广泛的类别视角。然而，没有教学经验的学生不能有针对性地提出类别较少的评论。在我关于好科学课的陈述之后，提出了各种观点来构建教师的科学课堂活动，学生们在科学课的评论中改变了许多观点，这一项目应该继续为学校教师所做。在教师教育中，应研究更好的课堂学习技能培养方法。

Lesson Study should be done in the process of teaching-learning activities about teacher, students and teaching materials which are fundamental factors of lessons. Skill of lesson study is required for school teachers. I have developed this project with video-recording of science classes of elementary and secondary levels and analyzing the process of teaching-learning activities. I used analytical method which was developed by Y. Ogura(2003). The analytical viewpoints are categorized as follows;Category I : Improving the content of learning; leaning tasks, contents, method of learning, linkage of prior lessonsCategory II : Teaching Skills; lesson style, teaching materials, assessment of learning processCategory III : Activating students' learning; support for students learning, encourage for students' autonomy, time managementCategory IV : Learning environment; good atmosphere in class, good human relationship, learning environmentThese categories above give clear view points for lesson study in the process of teaching-learning activities.(1)I have developed better way for video recording which use two video cameras simultaneously.(2)The results of view points of lesson study by university students using science class videos are ;Students who have experience of teaching practice (5 weeks) could have pointed out more comments which have wider view-points of categories. However, Students who do not have teaching experience could not have pointed put comments which have lesser categories. After my presentation about good science class which makes various view points to construct science class activities by teachers, students have changed many view points in the comments of science lesson.This project should be continued for school teachers. And we should study the better method of developing lesson study skills in teacher education.