A study on fundamental vocabulary for Children learning Japanese as a second language : A vocabulary study of elementary school science textbooks

研究目的和提纲(1)本研究报告了一项词汇调查的结果，展示了小学理科教科书中的词汇类型及其使用情况。(方法请参阅第2章。)分析中使用了从四年级到六年级的社会科学教科书(总共六本书，每个年级两本书)：有2935个不同的单词和24902个跑动的单词(=TOKEN)。这些词被分为词汇类别(名词、动词、形容词、副词等)。并根据词语的来源(日语来源、汉语来源、外国来源和混合来源)进行了分类。(2)将本研究的结果与小学社科教材词汇研究的结果以及工藤(1999年)的词汇研究结果进行了比较，得出了三种词汇研究结果之间的关系。…的结果通过与社会科学教材的对比研究(4724个异义词和24499个流水词)发现，理科教材共使用了999个异义词(占科学教材异义词总量的34%)和16510个流水词(占社会科学教材流水词总数的66.3%)。从词汇类别和词源两个方面考察了理科教材中共享词和专用词的特点，本研究、社科教材和工藤(1999)共用了646个不同词汇(占不同词汇总数的22%)。(详见第三章)(3)第四章列出了以下三个词汇表。词汇表A-科学教科书中的词汇：日语字母顺序词汇表B科学教科书中的词汇：按频率顺序(包括与社会科教科书的比较)。词汇表C在科学和社会学科教科书中共享词汇：按科学教科书中的词汇频率顺序(包括与工藤，1996的比较)*摘要中使用的专业术语，如流动词，遵循国家语言研究所。《初中课本词汇研究》(1986)*工藤(1999)。儿童将日语作为第二语言学习的基本词汇研究。东京：Shobo日治。(原著出版于1996年)。较少

Purpose and outline of the study(1) This study reports the results of a vocabulary investigation, showing the types of vocabulary and their usage in elementary school science textbooks. (See Chapter 2 for methodology.) Social science textbooks for fourth graders through sixth graders were used in the analysis (total of six books with two books for each grade level) :There are 2,935 different words and 24,902 running words (=token). The words are classified into lexical categories(nouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbs,etc.) and also classified based on the origin of the words (Japanese origin, Chinese origin, foreign origin and mixed). Characteristics of the word types in different areas in the science field are investigated and quantified.(2) The results of the current study are compared with the results of the vocabulary study of elementary school social science textbooks, as well as the results from Kudo (1999), and relation among the three vocabulary studies is presented.The results of the … More comparison with the social studies textbook study (4,724 different words and 24,499 running words) show that 999 different words (34% of the total different words in science textbooks) and 16,510 running words (66.3% of the total running words in social science textbooks) are shared with science textbooks. The characteristics of the shared vocabulary and the vocabulary exclusively used in science textbooks are investigated based on lexical categories and word origin.Also 646 different words (22% of the total different words in science textbooks) are shared among the three vocabulary studies, i.e. the current study, the social science textbooks and Kudo (1999). (See chapter 3 for detail)(3) The following three vocabulary tables are presented in chapter 4.Vocabulary list A - Vocabulary in the science textbooks : ln Japanese alphabetical orderVocabulary list B Vocabulary in the science textbooks : ln the frequency order (including comparison with the social studies textbooks.)Vocabulary list C Shared vocabulary in the science and social studies textbooks : In the frequency order from science textbooks (including comparison with Kudo, 1996)* Technical terms, e.g. running words, used in the abstract follow the National Language Research Institute. (Studies on the vocabulary of junior high school textbooks.(1986).)* Kudo (1999). A study of the fundamental vocabulary for children learning Japanese as a second language. Tokyo : Hitsuji Shobo. (Original work published 1996). Less