A study on fundamental vocabulary for Children learning Japanese as a second language : A vocabulary study of elementary school science textbooks

(1)本研究报告了一项词汇调查的结果，展示了小学科学教科书中词汇的类型及其使用情况。（方法见第2章。）分析对象是4 ~ 6年级的社会科学教科书（共6册，每个年级2册），其中有2935个不同的单词和24902个运行单词（=token）。这些词分为词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词等）和词源分类（日语、汉语、外来语和混合语）。对科学领域中不同领域的字型特征进行了调查和量化。(2)将本研究结果与小学社会科学教科书的词汇研究结果以及工藤（1999）的研究结果进行比较，并指出三者之间的关系。与社会科学教科书研究（4724个不同词和24499个运行词）的比较表明，与科学教科书共有999个不同词（占科学教科书不同词总数的34%）和16510个运行词（占社会科学教科书运行词总数的66.3%）。从词汇范畴和词源两个方面考察了科学教科书中共享词汇和专用词汇的特征。此外，本研究、社会科学教科书和Kudo（1999）三种词汇研究共有646个不同词汇（占科学教科书中不同词汇总数的22%）。（详见第三章）(3)第四章给出了以下三个词汇表。词汇表A -科学教科书词汇表：按日语字母顺序排列。词汇表B科学教科书词汇表：按频次顺序排列（包括与社会科学教科书的比较）。词汇表C科学和社会教科书中的共享词汇：按照科学教科书的频率顺序（包括与工藤的比较，1996）*摘要中使用的专业术语，如运行词，遵循国家语言研究所。（初中教科书词汇研究[j] . 1986）*工藤（1999）。以日语为第二语言的儿童基本词汇研究。东京：Hitsuji商店。（1996年原作出版）。少

Purpose and outline of the study(1) This study reports the results of a vocabulary investigation, showing the types of vocabulary and their usage in elementary school science textbooks. (See Chapter 2 for methodology.) Social science textbooks for fourth graders through sixth graders were used in the analysis (total of six books with two books for each grade level) :There are 2,935 different words and 24,902 running words (=token). The words are classified into lexical categories(nouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbs,etc.) and also classified based on the origin of the words (Japanese origin, Chinese origin, foreign origin and mixed). Characteristics of the word types in different areas in the science field are investigated and quantified.(2) The results of the current study are compared with the results of the vocabulary study of elementary school social science textbooks, as well as the results from Kudo (1999), and relation among the three vocabulary studies is presented.The results of the … More comparison with the social studies textbook study (4,724 different words and 24,499 running words) show that 999 different words (34% of the total different words in science textbooks) and 16,510 running words (66.3% of the total running words in social science textbooks) are shared with science textbooks. The characteristics of the shared vocabulary and the vocabulary exclusively used in science textbooks are investigated based on lexical categories and word origin.Also 646 different words (22% of the total different words in science textbooks) are shared among the three vocabulary studies, i.e. the current study, the social science textbooks and Kudo (1999). (See chapter 3 for detail)(3) The following three vocabulary tables are presented in chapter 4.Vocabulary list A - Vocabulary in the science textbooks : ln Japanese alphabetical orderVocabulary list B Vocabulary in the science textbooks : ln the frequency order (including comparison with the social studies textbooks.)Vocabulary list C Shared vocabulary in the science and social studies textbooks : In the frequency order from science textbooks (including comparison with Kudo, 1996)* Technical terms, e.g. running words, used in the abstract follow the National Language Research Institute. (Studies on the vocabulary of junior high school textbooks.(1986).)* Kudo (1999). A study of the fundamental vocabulary for children learning Japanese as a second language. Tokyo : Hitsuji Shobo. (Original work published 1996). Less