Molecular epidemiological analysis of hepatitis E as a zoonosis and investigation toward its prevention

人畜共患病戊型肝炎的分子流行病学分析及预防研究

基本信息

批准号：
16390137
负责人：
OKAMOTO Hiroaki
金额：
$ 9.28万
依托单位：
JICHI MEDICAL SCHOOL
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16390137/
关键词：
Hepatitis E Hepatitis E virus Zoonosis ELISA IgA class anti-HEV Infectious source Food-borne transmission Genotype 感染経路劇症肝炎核酸診断法 IgAクラスHEV抗体輸血感染

项目摘要

Our previous studies revealed that domestically acquired hepatitis E as a zoonosis is occurring, much more frequently than previously thought in Japan. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the molecular epidemiology of HEV infection in humans and animals and the molecular basis for pathogenesis of hepatitis E and to present possible measures for preventing HEV infection in humans based on the epidemiological surveys. We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system to detect IgM and IgA classes of anti-HEV using purified recombinant ORF2 proteins expressed in the pupae of silkworm as an antigen probe and evaluated the specificity and sensitivity of these two assays. Anti-HEV IgA was found to be useful for serological diagnosis of hepatitis E with increased sensitivity and specificity. The present study revealed that the zoonotic food-borne mode of transmission of HEV from domestic pigs and wild boars to humans may play an important role in the occurrence of domestic HEV infection, and provided evidence of transfusion-transmitted HEV infection in 1979 in Japan. We investigated the clinical and virological characteristics of hepatitis E in 32 patients who contracted the mild (n=23) or severe form (n=9) of domestically acquired hepatitis E in Hokkaido, where hepatitis E is most prevalent in Japan. When compared with the 7 patients with HEV genotype 3, the 25 patients with HEV genotype 4 had a significantly higher peak ALT level (P=0.0338) and a significantly lower level of lowest prothrombin activity (P=0.0340). The severe form of hepatitis E was associated with the presence of an underlying disease. Our study suggested that the HEV genotype and the presence of an underlying disease influence the severity of hepatitis E.

我们先前的研究表明，在国内获得的丙型肝炎作为人畜共患病，比日本以前想象的要频繁得多。在本研究中，我们旨在阐明人类和动物中HEV感染的分子流行病学以及丙型肝炎发病机理的分子基础，并提出基于流行病学调查的人类预防人类中HEV感染的可能措施。我们使用纯化的重组ORF2蛋白作为抗原探针作为抗原探针，并评估了这两种测定法的特异性和灵敏度。发现抗HEV IGA可用于丙型肝炎的血清学诊断，并具有提高的敏感性和特异性。本研究表明，人畜共动性食品传播的HEV从家养猪和野猪传播到人类可能在国内HEV感染的发生中起重要作用，并提供了1979年日本输血传播HEV感染的证据。我们调查了32例在北海道E乙型肝炎的肝炎（n = 23）或严重形式（n = 9）的32例患者中，在日本，乙型肝炎在日本最普遍。与7例HEV基因型3患者相比，HEV基因型4患者的峰值水平明显更高（P = 0.0338），最低凝血酶蛋白活性的水平明显较低（P = 0.0340）。肝炎的严重形式与潜在疾病的存在有关。我们的研究表明，HEV基因型和潜在疾病的存在会影响乙型肝炎的严重程度。