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Establishment of management program of spider mite control on fruit trees by practical introduction of native phytoseiid mites

实际引进本土植绥螨建立果树红蜘蛛防治管理方案

基本信息

批准号：
17380034
负责人：
AMANO Hiroshi
金额：
$ 10.83万
依托单位：
Chiba University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Effective usage of native natural enemies against agricultural pests is, no doubt, one of the most important key strategies in modern agricultural and horticultural fields. Our study concentrated on practical introduction of native natural enemies (predacious phytoseiid mites) of harmful spider mites and thrips which attack on fruit trees in Japan. The study covered various agricultural ecosystems including apple (by Dr. Toyoshima), pear (by Drs. Amano and Takafuji), persimmon (Drs. Takafuji and Mochizuki), grape (Dr. Mochizuki) and citrus (by Dr. Kishimoto), and detailed fauna of native predacious mites was clarified On the way of study progress, some new species of predacious mites were also found and described.It was also clarified that distributional expansion of Neoseiulus californicus reached to allover the Kyushu area, but its function as the major natural enemy of pests has not been established at least on citrus trees. Natural enemies found in natural vegetation surrounding fruit trees were investigated in apple and citrus fields, and their introduction into the fruit tree field was conducted. Detailed results are shown in each reference listed below.Native natural enemies are precious treasure which were historically maintained on the land and biologically selected in Japanese environment. They are also useful tools to be used in environmentally friendly agricultural system which may certify sustainable production of safe and reliable foods for people.

有效利用本地天敌防治农业害虫无疑是现代农业和园艺领域最重要的关键策略之一。我们的研究集中在实际引进的本地天敌（捕食植绥螨）的有害蜘蛛和蓟马在日本的果树攻击。这项研究涵盖了包括苹果在内的各种农业生态系统（作者：丰岛博士），梨（作者：天野博士和高藤博士），柿子（高藤和望月博士），葡萄（望月博士）和柑橘（岸本博士），并详细阐明了当地捕食螨的区系。发现并描述了一些新的捕食螨种，阐明了加州新小绥螨的分布范围已扩展到九州地区，但其作为害虫主要天敌的功能尚未确定，至少在柑桔上是这样。对苹果和柑橘园果树周围自然植被中的天敌进行了调查，并进行了果树天敌的引种试验。详细的结果在下面列出的每一个参考文献中显示。本地天敌是宝贵的财富，历史上一直保持在土地上，并在日本环境中进行生物选择。它们也是用于环境友好型农业系统的有用工具，可以证明可持续生产安全可靠的食品。