The Practical Research on Teaching Material Development about Traditional Japanese Culture

日本的教育政策中已经指出了日本传统文化教学的重要性，然而，关于日本传统文化教学的教材和方法却很少，尤其是日本传统舞蹈《日本舞》。这项研究的目的是开发关于日本传统文化的教材，通过一个体育项目的试点教育实践来展示这些教材，并将其扩展到以日本人身体技术为重点的综合研究。第一年，对先前的研究和当前的实践进行了回顾。首先回顾了以往对“日本传统文化”的研究文献，并对“身体技法”进行了考察，然后就实际表演对专业从业者进行了访谈，以进行实际观察。第二年，从运动学的角度对作为“日本传统文化”的一种形式--日本百代的“身体技术”进行了动作分析。例如，对阿什-无-哈科比的表现进行了检查，了解到这是一种独特的步行方式，通过保持身体重心低、腿弯、腰低来保持身体其他部位的相同位置。第三年，在对前几年身体技术的文献回顾、访谈和机理分析的基础上，制定了试点教学计划和教材。他们的发展着眼于日本文化作为一种传统文化形式的意义，以及它的身体技术。该教案和教材在中学和大学的课堂上进行了试点研究。研究结果也从日本传统文化实践者的角度进行了全面回顾。这项研究的细节报告在一本小册子中。

Importance of teaching traditional Japanese culture has been pointed out in Japanese education policy; however there are few materials and methods on teaching traditional Japanese culture, especially Japanese traditional dance, "Nihon-buyoh". The aim of this study was to develop teaching materials about traditional Japanese culture, demonstrate them by a pilot education practice on a physical education program, and to expand them to integrated studies focusing on "Nihon-buyoh" body techniques.In the first year, prior researches and current practices were reviewed. First, literatures of prior researches conducted on "traditional Japanese culture" were reviewed, and “body techniques" were examined, followed by interviews on professional practitioners on actual performances, for practical observation.In the second year, movement analyses on Nihon-buyoh "body techniques" that commonly appear as a form of "Japanese traditional culture" were conducted from kinesiological aspects. For example, performance of Ashi-no-hakobi, or a walking movement, of "Nihon-buyoh," was examined, and it has been learned that this is a peculiar walking method that keeps the other parts of the body in the same position by keeping the body weight center low with legs bent and waist low.In the third year, a pilot teaching plan and teaching materials were developed based on prior years' reviews on literatures, interviews and mechanism analysis on body techniques. They were developed with an eye on significance of Nihon-buyoh as a form of traditional culture, and on its body techniques. The teaching plan and materials were put into practice for a pilot study in classrooms of secondary school and university. The results were comprehensively reviewed with a vantage point of a practitioner of Japanese traditional culture as well.The details of this research are reported in a booklet.