Catholicism and Political Modernisation. "Paradox of Intellectualism" in the Political History of Europe

该研究项目旨在描述三位德国天主教领袖的生活和思想，并清晰地展示天主教及其知识分子在现代和当代欧洲之间的对抗。第一个考察对象是波格丹伯爵冯·胡滕-查普斯基（Bogdan Count von Hutten-Czapski，1851-1937），他是德意志帝国的波兰-普鲁士贵族，他支持前现代普鲁士的爱国主义和君主制，同时反对现代德意志或波兰的民族主义和民主。我的作品《多民族普鲁士之梦》。Hutten-Czapski的传记《蓝色国际与欧洲秩序》已经出版（名古屋大学出版社，2009年）。第二个主题是教皇本笃十六世（Joseph Ratzinger：1927-），他是当今欧洲保守主义的领导人之一，并领导了梵蒂冈第二届理事会的重新审议，该理事会旨在改革天主教会的欧洲中心主义和反智性。本尼迪克特的思想和与世界知识分子的斗争在我的论文《教皇本尼迪克特的斗争》（日本德国研究学会公报，2011年）中有详细的讨论。第三位人物是卡尔-西奥多·冯·达尔贝格男爵（Carl-Theodor Baron von Dalberg，1744-1817）大主教，尽管他是神圣罗马帝国的德国总理，但他与革命法国的皇帝拿破仑密切合作，因此在世纪被德国民族主义者批评为国家的叛徒。达尔贝格的传记正在撰写中。

This research project aims to describe the life and ideas of three German Catholic leaders and present a clear vision of the confrontations between the Catholicism and its intellectual critics in modern and contemporary Europe. The first subject of investigation, Bogdan Count von Hutten-Czapski (1851-1937), was a Polish-Prussian aristocrat in the German Empire, who supported the premodern Prussian patriotism and monarchy, while confronting with the modern German or Polish nationalism and democracy. My work "The Dream of a Multinational Prussia. The Blue Internationals and the Order of Europe", a biography of Hutten-Czapski, has already been published (The Nagoya University Press, 2009). The second subject, Pope Benedict XVI (Joseph Ratzinger : 1927-), is one of today's leaders of European Conservatism and heads the reconsideration of the Second Vatican Council, which intended to reform the Eurocentric and anti-intellectual nature of the Catholic Church. Benedict's ideas and struggles against the intellectuals in the world are discussed in detail in my paper "Pope Benedict's Fight" (Bulletin of the Society of German Studies in Japan, 2011). The third subject, Prince Archbishop Carl-Theodor Baron von Dalberg (1744-1817), cooperated in spite of his status as German Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire intimately with Napoleon, the Emperor of the revolutionary France, and was therefore criticised posthumously by German Nationalists in the 19th century as a traitor of the country. A biography of Dalberg is now in progress.