A Study on the beginning and development of "Mathematical Thinking" in postwar educational reform period mathematics education

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In this study, the focus is appropriated to "Mathematical thinking" in mathematics education, and the continuousness of the mathematics education from prewar days to postwar days is considered. Enhancing the meaning of multiplication is caught as progress of the instruction of elementary mathematics, and assumed to be one aspect "Mathematical thinking" in postwar days is caught. The consistence of improvement of instruction from before the world war II is discussed on this point. Moreover, a feature teaching material is taken up from the government-designated textbook 'Arithmetic' in 1947, and the meaning of "Arithmetic activity" is considered as a suggestion in a present mathematics education.