Mechanisms and applications of SIK2-regulation for neuro-protection

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We reported that SIK2-KO mice showed neuro-protective phenotypes after the ischemia-reperfusion operation. In addition, SIK2 regulates hair color by inhibiting melanogenesis. By using these phenotypes, we tried to indentify new compounds that are helpful to care ischemia-reperfusion damage in the brain. We screened compounds by an in vitro kinase assay and identified fisetin as a candidate for the SIK2 inhibitor. However, fisetin did not inhibit SIK2 actions in cultured cells. Interestingly, fisetin changed mouse hair color, and we found methoxy-fisetin in mouse feces. The synthesized methoxy-fisetin (4MF) inhibited SIK2 and acted as a neuro-protector after the glutamate treatment in primary neurons. 4MF-treated mice showed enhanced memory capacity. In addition to 4MF, we obtained some compounds that showed neuro-protective activities in an SIK2 dependent or independent manners.