里山バイオマスのエネルギー有効利用と残渣に含まれる栄養成分のリサイクル

里山生物质的有效能源利用和残渣中营养成分的回收利用

• 批准号: 16F16755
• 负责人: 武内 和彦
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2016-11-07 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16F16755/
• 关键词: Agroforestry; Bioenergy; Long-term experiment; Nature conservation; Semi-natural grasslands; Sustainable development; Wetlands; Bio-based products; biodiversity; natural vegetation; nutrient-rich residues; sustainable management; semi-natural

Conservation and restoration are crucial to maintaining a wide range of functions and services both in semi-natural grasslands and wetlands, but it is difficult to find a reasonable and resource-efficient management option without sacrificing ecological values (e.g., Melts et al., 2018; Melts et al., 2019 (pending)). Typical extensive management of seminatural communities has recently been under pressure, as intensification is suggested to maintain biomass production and economic profits.Some short-term experiments in applied ecology and agricultural research have demonstrated that nutrient applications in semi-natural grasslands can maintain productivity and will not result in decrease of plant species richness. Those experiments indicate clearly that there is an urgency for a long-term experiments and meta-analysis for detailed understanding of ecosystem functions in different types and areas (Melts et al., 2018). In two long-term field mowing trials on species-rich mesic meadows with and without tree stands (EST and UK), biomass production increased and remained stable without any additional nutrient supply over 50 years, respectively (Melts et al., 2019 (manuscript)). Biodiversity support the resilience of grassland ecosystems and maintenance a stable biomass yield.Improved knowledge about technologies and comparison of different conversion options and sustainable management of semi-natural communities are needed to promote local bio-economy and sustainable development goals.

保护和恢复对于维持半天然草原和湿地的各种功能和服务至关重要，但很难找到一种合理和资源有效的管理方案，而不牺牲生态价值（例如，Melts等人，2018; Melts等人，2019年（待定））。典型的半自然群落的粗放式管理最近面临压力，建议集约化以维持生物量生产和经济利润。应用生态学和农业研究的一些短期实验表明，半自然草原的养分施用可以维持生产力，并且不会导致植物物种丰富度下降。这些实验清楚地表明，迫切需要进行长期实验和荟萃分析，以详细了解不同类型和地区的生态系统功能（Melts等人，2018年）。在两个长期的田间割草试验中，在物种丰富的梅西克草甸上，有和没有乔木林（EST和UK），生物量生产增加，并保持稳定，而没有任何额外的营养供应，分别超过50年（Melts等人，2019年（手稿））。生物多样性支持草地生态系统的恢复力和维持稳定的生物量产量，需要改进有关技术的知识，比较不同的转换选择和半自然社区的可持续管理，以促进当地的生物经济和可持续发展目标。

项目成果

Estonian semi-natural grasslands in historical perspective

历史视角下的爱沙尼亚半天然草原

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Katrin Heinsoo (Presenter);Kaili Kattai;Kadri Tali;Marika Kose and Indrek Melts
• 通讯作者: Marika Kose and Indrek Melts

Pool-looduslike koosluste produktsioonist

泳池般的酷乐产品

• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Teaduselt mahepõllumajandusele 2019（印刷中）
• 作者: Katrin Heinsoo;Tiiu Kull;Toomas Kukk;Marek Sammul and Indrek Melts
• 通讯作者: Marek Sammul and Indrek Melts

Reed, reed canary grass and biomass from wetland as potential resource enhance local bio-economy

芦苇、芦苇金丝雀草和湿地生物质作为潜在资源增强当地生物经济

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Indrek Melts;Mari Ivask;Kazuhiko Takeuchi and Katrin Heinsoo (Presenter)
• 通讯作者: Kazuhiko Takeuchi and Katrin Heinsoo (Presenter)

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Drivers of species richness and community integrity of small forest patches in an agricultural landscape

• DOI: 10.1111/jvs.12689
• 发表时间: 2018-11
• 期刊: Journal of Vegetation Science
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Krista Takkis;T. Kull;Tiit Hallikma;Piia Jaksi;Karin Kaljund;K. Kauer;Thea Kull;O. Kurina;M. Kü