Growth interfaces of crystals

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Crystal growth is one of most impotant techniques in material science and technology and then it is a worth-while research to make clear structure of interfaces during crystal growth, because the quality of crystals will be determined by incorporation of the growth units at the interfaces.Physical and chemical studies on saturated solutions were done precisely to analyze the crystal growth phenomenologically. The concentration and temperature gradient around crystals growing in a two dimensional cell were measured at the growth interface, and the growth rate of the crystals was found to be proportional to the normal component of those gradient. The diffusion coefficient from the ratio of the growth rate to the concentration gradient is in a good agreement with the diffusion constant of the solute in the solution obtained by usual method. It is thus proposed that the molecular state of the solute in saturated solution is very similar to its crystalline state.A sort of roughness on the interface is necessary for crystal growth and then the morphological steps are discussed by using two dimensional Fourier transform to obtain spacial frequency of the structure on the interface.