Consequences of Substance Use on the Development of Impulse Control

项目摘要/摘要 父母赠款是一项纵向研究，旨在阐明推动启动和 物质使用的进展与NIDA和NIMH最近概述的战略计划一致(NIDA， 2016；NIH cran，2015；NIMH，2015)优先研究青春期和青春期之间的时期 成人期。典型青春期发育的特征是感觉寻求增加，其次是 更渐进地增加脉冲控制(由双系统模型描述)。两者之间的差异 发展感觉寻求和冲动控制理论上会导致冒险行为，比如 物质使用。在高危青少年中，这些发育过程可能会进一步不同，这可能是 药物使用涉及率和严重性增加的机制。这个更新项目已经被 记录自药物使用开始前感觉寻求和冲动控制的关系(10 到研究开始时12岁)，这次更新将继续评估这些过程和结果 青壮年。更具体地说，我们继续对我们的风险(到期)进行纵向评估(每6个月 物质使用障碍家族史)，并控制青少年监测物质使用、冲动的变化 控制、环境、感觉寻求、风险和弹性因素。结果是从 透视双系统模型，重要的是，本工作将通过测试对该模型进行扩展：(1) 冲动控制和感觉寻求是否独立发展；(2)冲动是否 控制和感觉寻求发展对物质使用卷入有相加或交互作用； (3)药物使用的开始和升级如何影响随后的冲动控制的发展和 感觉寻求；(4)双系统模型中确定的过程如何在青少年和 有家族史风险的年轻人；以及(5)社会和环境因素如何影响风险和复原力 用于物质使用，并在双重制度模式的背景下解释。解读这些发现 在双重制度模式的背景下，将有助于完善和扩展这一模式的关键前提，因为 并揭示了更多关于物质使用参与的发展机制的细节。 作为该项目的一部分，我们为2021年NIDA暑期研究实习提供了培训机会 程序。我们将为这个实习计划的参与者提供以下方面的培训：(1)临床研究 物质使用情况；(2)评估物质使用情况，包括使用生物传感器等高级评估工具 以及传统的纸质评估；(3)数据输入和管理；(4)学术写作和 关于物质使用障碍这一主题的演讲。

Project Summary/Abstract The parent grant is a longitudinal study designed to elucidate mechanisms driving the initiation and progression of substance use is consistent with NIDA and NIMH's recently outlined strategic plans (NIDA, 2016; NIH CRAN, 2015; NIMH, 2015) prioritizing research on the period between adolescence and young adulthood. Defining features of typical adolescent development are increases in sensation seeking followed by more gradual increases in impulse control (described by the Dual Systems model). The discrepancy between developing sensation seeking and impulse control are theorized to result in risk-taking behaviors like substance use. In at-risk youth, these developmental processes may be further discrepant, which may be one mechanism for increased rates and severity of substance use involvement. This renewal project has been documenting the relationship of sensation seeking and impulse control since before substance use onset (10 to 12 years old at study entry), and this renewal will continue to assess these processes and outcomes into young adulthood. More specifically, we continue longitudinal assessments (every 6 months) of our at-risk (due to family history of substance use disorder) and control youth to monitor changes in substance use, impulse control, environmental, sensation seeking, risk and resiliency factors. Outcomes are interpreted from the perspective of the Dual Systems model, and importantly, this work will extend this model by testing: (1) whether impulse control and sensation seeking develop independently from one another; (2) whether impulse control and sensation seeking development has additive or interactive effects on substance use involvement; (3) how the onset and escalation of substance use affects subsequent development of impulse control and sensation seeking; (4) how processes identified in the Dual Systems model develop among adolescents and young adults with family history risk; and (5) how social and environmental factors influence risk and resiliency for substance use and are interpreted in the context of the Dual Systems model. Interpreting these findings within the context of the Dual Systems model will help to refine and extend the key premises of this model, as well as reveal more detail about developmental mechanisms of substance use involvement. As a part of this project, we offer a training opportunity for the 2021 NIDA Summer Research Internship Program. We will provide participants in this internship program with training in (1) clinical research in substance use; (2) assessment of substance use including advanced assessment tools using biosensors as well as conventional paper-based assessment; (3) data entry and management; and (4) academic writing and presentations on the topic of substance use disorder.