Wearable magnetoencephalography (MEG): The next-generation of dynamic human neuroimaging

可穿戴脑磁图 (MEG)：下一代动态人类神经成像

• 批准号: 10440948
• 负责人: Tony W Wilson
• 金额: $ 145万
• 依托单位: FATHER FLANAGAN'S BOYS' HOME
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10440948
• 关键词: Adult; Area; Attenuated; Award; BRAIN initiative; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Communities; Data; Development; Dimensions; Functional Imaging; Future; Growth; Head; Helium; Helmet; Home; Human; Image; Infant; International; Lead; Liquid substance; Magnetoencephalography; Magnetometries; Measures; Methods; Neurosciences; Optics; Participant; Peer Review; Physics; Population; Productivity; Publications; Publishing; Pump; Research; Role; Scalp structure; Site; Source; Surface; System; Technology; Temperature; Time; Translating; United States National Institutes of Health; Walking; design; experimental study; falls; interest; magnetic field; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; next generation; non-invasive imaging; patient population; relating to nervous system; response; sensor; spatiotemporal; translational neuroscience

Project Summary/Abstract The Omaha magnetoencephalography (MEG) site is home to one of the most productive, internationally-known MEG groups in the world. In 2020 alone, they published over 30 peer-reviewed MEG-centric publications, had numerous major NIH awards, and made high impact discoveries spanning multiple areas of human neuroscience. MEG is an advanced method for noninvasively imaging population-level neurophysiological activity with high temporal (< 1 ms) and spatial precision (2-3 mm). Application of the method has expanded substantially over the past decade due to technical advancements and the growing interest in neural oscillations, dynamic connectivity, and other metrics where spatiotemporal precision is extremely important. The Omaha MEG group has had a major role in this growth and continues to lead the way in many areas of MEG research, often exceeding all other MEG sites on major measures of scientific productivity and impact. However, this group is now at a crossroads where their future growth, and even existence, is threatened by a revolutionary paradigm shift in the field of neurophysiological imaging, and a worldwide helium shortage. Briefly, conventional MEG systems are large and stationary, requiring research participants to sit as still as possible for extended periods of time while undergoing recordings. This creates major challenges for acquiring data in specific patient populations and young children. Further, the dimensions of the sensor array are fixed within the MEG helmet, which is designed to accommodate 98% of adults. This translates into large gaps between the scalp surface and the sensor array in young children and huge gaps in infants. Since the strength of magnetic fields fall off exponentially with increasing distance from the current source (i.e., active neural populations), the net impact of this is strongly attenuated neural responses in children and infants and thus poor precision. Additionally, conventional MEG requires liquid helium to support superconducting temperatures, which is not only very expensive but also increasingly difficult to obtain in the current era of helium shortages. Given these concerns, we are proposing to purchase a state-of-the-art optically- pumped magnetometry (OPM) system. The idea of OPM has been around for decades, but major breakthroughs through President Obama’s BRAIN Initiative have moved the technology from a physics experiment to cutting edge applications in neuroscience. OPM is the future of MEG, as it overcomes the key limitations of conventional systems and in most cases offers superior precision. Specifically, OPM: (1) does not require liquid helium and thus sensors can be placed directly on the scalp for optimal sensitivity, (2) can be fitted to any head size, including pediatric and infant populations, and (3) allows participants to move relatively freely during recordings, making the system ideal for developmental and clinical populations, as well as naturalistic experiments (e.g., walking). Thus, OPM is a significant, major step forward and will give rise to a whole new era of functional imaging. With this technology, the Omaha MEG group will remain at the forefront of discovery in several major topic areas that are described in the proposal and of clear interest to the NIH and the translational neuroscience community.

项目摘要/摘要 奥马哈磁脑摄影（MEG）网站是最有生产力，国际知名度最高的所在地之一 世界上的梅格团体。仅在2020年，他们就出版了30多个以同行评审的以MEG为中心的出版物 许多重大的NIH奖项，并跨越了人类神经科学多个领域的高影响。 MEG是一种非侵袭性成像种群水平神经生理活性的高级方法 临时（<1 ms）和空间精度（2-3 mm）。该方法的应用已大大扩展 过去的十年由于技术进步以及对神经振荡，动态连通性的兴趣日益增长的兴趣 和其他时空精度极为重要的指标。奥马哈梅格集团有一个 在这种增长中的主要作用，并继续在MEG研究的许多领域领先，通常超过所有其他 MEG站点是关于科学生产力和影响的主要衡量标准。但是，这个小组现在处于十字路口 他们的未来增长甚至存在，受到革命范式在该领域的革命范式的威胁 神经生理成像和全球氦短缺。简而言之，传统的MEG系统很大， 静止，要求研究参与者在经历的同时尽可能长时间坐着 录音。这对特定患者人群和幼儿的数据加快数据构成了重大挑战。 此外，传感器阵列的尺寸固定在MEG头盔中，该头盔旨在容纳 98％的成年人。这转化为头皮表面和传感器阵列之间的较大差距 和婴儿的巨大差距。由于磁场的强度呈指数降低，而距离 当前的来源（即主动神经种群），其净影响是强烈减弱的神经反应 在儿童和婴儿中，精度较差。此外，常规MEG需要液态氦气以支撑 超导温度，不仅非常昂贵，而且越来越难获得 当前的氦短缺时代。考虑到这些问题，我们建议购买最先进的光学上 - 泵送磁力测定法（OPM）系统。 OPM的想法已经存在了数十年，但是重大突破 通过奥巴马总统的大脑倡议，该技术从物理实验转移到切割 神经科学中的边缘应用。 OPM是MEG的未来，因为它克服了常规的关键局限性 系统和在大多数情况下都具有卓越的精度。具体而言，OPM：（1）不需要液体氦气和 因此，传感器可以直接放在头皮上以获得最佳灵敏度，（2）可以安装到任何头部尺寸，包括 儿科和婴儿种群，（3）允许参与者在录音过程中相对自由移动 该系统是发育和临床人群以及自然主义实验（例如步行）的理想选择。 OPM是向前迈出的重要一步，将产生一个全新的功能成像时代。和 这项技术，奥马哈梅格集团将在几个主要主题领域的发现的最前沿 在提案中描述了NIH和转化神经科学界的清晰感兴趣。