CORE IMMUN. LAB FOR ASSESS. OF AIDS VACCINES IN PRIMATES

SIV 和 HIV 疫苗对灵长类动物的保护作用已得到证实 导致人们对艾滋病保护性疫苗持谨慎乐观态度。 至 将灵长类动物的发现转化为有效的艾滋病毒疫苗 人们，了解免疫反应提供什么是至关重要的 保护以及针对哪种抗原的免疫。 然而， 评估灵长类动物的免疫反应很困难，需要 灵长类动物中心通常不具备专业知识，但那里最好的 动物资源所在地。 例如，MHC（主要组织相容性 复杂）分型对于评估细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞至关重要 （CTL）反应，但试剂和专业知识有限。 标准型 细胞介导的免疫反应的评估方案仍在制定中 开发的。 用于动物的病毒中和分析 挑战是有问题的，并且实验室之间的检测方法有所不同。 此外，这些评估既耗时又费力。 将资源集中在一个集中站点有望推动该领域的发展 快速提供必要的数据来比较免疫反应 可以生产不同的疫苗并将其与保护联系起来。 三个 NIAID 合同支持的 SIV 疫苗评估单位 (SIV VEU) 目前参与SIV疫苗评估：杜兰大学 三角洲地区灵长类动物研究中心，华盛顿地区灵长类动物 研究中心和 TSI 梅森研究所。 此外， 接触有限数量的黑猩猩的资金是通过 与国家癌症研究所 (NCI) 签订机构间协议。 的 黑猩猩被安置在新墨西哥州国家癌症研究所的设施中 大学灵长类动物中心。 这些协议仅提供有限的 免疫学评估。 这个灵长类动物核心免疫学实验室 合同将适应、标准化和执行细胞和 通过免疫接种在灵长类动物中诱导体液免疫反应 在 SIV VEU、黑猩猩单位和黑猩猩单位测试了艾滋病疫苗原型 其他临床前艾滋病疫苗试验，例如正在进行的试验 NCI 或美国陆军（如果需要）。

The demonstration of protection by SIV and HIV vaccines in primates has led to cautious optimism for a protective vaccine against AIDS. To translate the findings from primates to an effective HIV vaccine in people, it is essential to understand what immune responses provide protection and against which antigen(s) immunity is directed. However, assessment of immune responses in primates is difficult and requires expertise generally not available at primate centers, where the best animal resources are located. For example, MHC (major histocompatibility complex) typing is essential for evaluation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses, but reagents and expertise have been limited. Standard protocols for assessment of cell-mediated immune responses are still being developed. Analysis of virus neutralization with stocks used for animal challenge is problematic and assays vary between laboratories. Furthermore, these assessments are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Focusing resources in a centralized site is expected to advance the field rapidly, providing the necessary data to compare the immune responses that different vaccines can produce and to correlate them with protection. Three NIAID contract-supported SIV Vaccine Evaluation Units (SIV VEUs) are currently involved in the SIV vaccine evaluations: the Tulane University Delta Regional Primate Research Center, the Washington Regional Primate Research Center, and the TSI Mason Research Institute. In addition, access to a limited number of chimpanzees has been funded through an Interagency Agreement with the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The chimpanzees are housed at the NCI facilities at the New Mexico State University Primate Center. These agreements provide only limited immunological evaluation. This Primate Core Immunology Laboratory contract will adapt, standardize, and perform assays for cellular and humoral immune responses induced in primates by immunization with prototype AIDS vaccines tested at the SIV VEUs, the Chimpanzee Unit, and other Preclinical AIDS Vaccine Trials, such as those being conducted by the NCI or the United States Army, if required.