DIAGNOSIS OF RESPIRATORY VIRUS INFECTION IN 24 HOURS BY SHELL VIAL CULTURE

呼吸道病毒感染的实验室诊断已经成为 更容易、更快速地使用贝壳瓶作为培养物 方法。病毒的免疫荧光检测与鉴定 贝壳培养瓶中的抗原可以更早地诊断出 感染，消除了(使用传统导管)的需要 培养)，用于日常检查典型的细胞病变效应和 加入红细胞以检测吸血病毒。这个 贝壳培养物呼吸道染色的最佳时间 病毒还不确定。在许多实验室48小时内染色 如果是负的，再次在5天内，据信允许最多 对呼吸道病毒敏感的早期检测。然而， 临床医生经常向实验室施压，要求更早地进行检测 可以做出与临床相关的决定。进行了一项研究以 评价贝壳小瓶免疫荧光染色的价值 呼吸道病毒培养时间为18至24小时(48小时 小时)，以便更快速地检测和报告阳性 临床标本。 在18至24小时内对贝壳小瓶进行染色，可以检测到71 呼吸道病毒阳性的样本百分比 通常直到48小时才被检测为阳性。这 更快地检测到病毒，允许更早地进行干预 适当感染的流行病学服务与实施 控制措施。它还允许更早地对 现有的抗病毒化疗和预防措施。染色壳 24小时的试管也可以更早地发现劳斯肉瘤 用快速抗原检测方法漏掉的病毒感染。 进一步的调查将确定是否染有贝壳小瓶 3天或4天的培养是足够敏感的，可以在 第五天。

Laboratory diagnosis of respiratory virus infections has become easier and more rapid with the use of shell vials as the culture method. Immunofluorescent detection and identification of viral antigens in shell vial cultures allow a much earlier diagnosis of infection and eliminates the need (found with conventional tube cultures) for daily inspection for typical cytopathic effect and for the addition of erythrocytes to detect hemadsorbing viruses. The most optimal times to stain shell vial cultures for respiratory viruses are undetermined. At many laboratories staining at 48 hours and, if negative, again at 5 days, is believed to allow the most sensitive early detection of a respiratory virus. However, clinicians often pressure laboratories for even earlier detection so clinically-relevant decisions can be made. A study was performed to assess the value of immunofluorescent staining of shell vial cultures for respiratory viruses at 18 to 24 hours (compared with 48 hours) to allow more rapid detection and reporting of positive clinical specimens. Staining of shell vials at 18 to 24 hours allowed detection of 71 percent of the specimens positive for a respiratory virus that would ordinarily not have been detected as positive until 48 hours. This more rapid detection of the virus permitted earlier intervention by the epidemiology service and implementation of appropriate infection control measures. It also allowed earlier administration of available antiviral chemotherapy and prophylaxis. Staining shell vials at 24 hours also permitted earlier detections of Rous sarcoma virus infection that were missed by rapid antigen detection methods. Further investigation will determine whether staining shell vial cultures at 3 or 4 days is sensitive enough to replace the stain at day 5.