Investigating variation and change: Case in diachrony

研究变异和变化:历时案例

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    AH/P006612/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 24.68万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2017 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

This project seeks to investigate two interrelated topics: how languages or dialects vary from each other, and why and how they change in the course of time. The empirical focus will be Greek, and in particular the phenomenon of case, i.e. the morphological expression of syntactic roles such as subject and object (see the contrast between the subject and the object in an English sentence like "He saw him"). This investigation will achieve its breadth by looking into case across 2800 years of history of Greek but it also aims to have depth, by focusing on one language system and looking into the interrelation of case with other linguistic phenomena within the system of one language. Theoretically, the project is couched within the theoretical framework of Principles and Parameters (Chomsky 1957) that has been focusing on two questions:(a) What are the universal principles of language; shared by all languages and therefore inherent in the human brain?(b) Which properties are language-specific; contributing to differences in the way languages look and therefore prone to variation?Case and its link to formal syntax has been at the forefront of linguistic theorizing exactly because it has both universal and language-specific properties. On the one hand, case morphology is not found in all languages and even in the languages that have it exhibits fascinating cross-linguistic variation that seems to resist any universal characterization; on the other hand however, mainstream linguistic theory has tried to argue for a deeper link between the case form of a noun and its syntactic role in a sentence, namely that case morphology in a way "licenses" the presence of a nominal in a clause and specific case values (nominative, accusative etc.) are linked to different roles (subject, object etc.). The relationship between cases and syntactic roles however is clearly not 'one-to-one' and recently there have been attempts to reconfigure the place of case in grammar and treat it as a parameter, a point of variation among languages (Baker 2015). Such an approach is both novel and theoretically significant because it uses the notion of parameters, to account for the cross-linguistic variation in the domain of case realization. We aim to test the validity of this proposal by focusing on datives and genitives, two cases whose nature has been notoriously hard to pin down. To investigate datives and genitives, we focus on two phenomena where the simple 'one-to-one' view between roles and cases breaks down entirely: dative and genitive objects of monotransitive and ditransitive predicates, and environments where datives are considered "quirky" subjects, arguments of "impersonal" verbs like 'seems' that also coexist with nominatives. We will look into the diachrony of these environments because crucially:(a) morphological dative case has been lost from the history of Greek;(b) in the recent history of Greek, there has been a split in the morphological realization of indirect objects, between Standard Modern Greek and Northern Greek. The methods that we will employ to address the research questions are two-fold: (a) collecting data from a corpus of representative texts from Homer to Modern Greek; (b) collecting novel data from Northern Greek focusing on the behaviour of non-theme objects of both mono and ditransitives in relation to passivization.The deliverables of this project will include academic publications but also an online searchable and annotated treebank, to be used freely by any researcher interested in case or Greek, and also a project website. The impact of this research will be showcased through (a) videos on the benefits of bi-dilectalism and the threat of language death; (b) videos about the history of the Greek language; (d) videos about the relevance of theoretical linguistic research in language teaching; (e) two teaching plans for teaching the category of case to different types of second language learners.
该项目旨在研究两个相互关联的主题:语言或方言如何相互变化,以及它们在时间过程中为什么以及如何变化。经验的重点将是希腊语,特别是格的现象,即句法角色的形态表达,如主语和宾语(见英语句子中主语和宾语之间的对比,如“He saw him”)。这项研究将通过研究希腊2800年历史的情况来实现其广度,但它也旨在通过关注一种语言系统并研究一种语言系统内的情况与其他语言现象的相互关系来实现深度。从理论上讲,该项目是在原则和参数(乔姆斯基1957)的理论框架内表达的,该框架一直专注于两个问题:(a)语言的普遍原则是什么?所有语言都共享,因此在人类大脑中是固有的?(b)哪些属性是特定于语言的;哪些属性会导致语言外观的差异,从而易于变化?格及其与形式句法的联系一直处于语言学理论的前沿,正是因为它既具有普遍性,又具有语言特有性。一方面,格形态学并非在所有语言中都存在,甚至在有格形态学的语言中也表现出令人着迷的跨语言变异,似乎抵制任何普遍的表征;然而,另一方面,主流语言学理论试图证明名词的格形式与其在句子中的句法作用之间存在更深层次的联系,也就是说,格形态在某种程度上“许可”了名词性成分在从句中的存在和特定的格值(主格、格值等)。与不同的角色(主体、客体等)相关联。然而,格和句法角色之间的关系显然不是“一对一”的,最近有人试图重新配置格在语法中的位置,并将其视为参数,语言之间的变化点(Baker 2015)。这种方法既新颖又具有理论意义,因为它使用了参数的概念来解释格实现域中的跨语言变化。我们的目标是通过关注与格和属格来测试这一建议的有效性,这两种情况的性质一直很难确定。为了研究与格和属格,我们关注两种现象,其中角色和格之间的简单“一对一”观点完全崩溃:单及物和双及物谓词的与格和属格对象,以及与格被认为是“古怪”主题的环境,“非人称”动词的参数,如“似乎”,也与主格共存。我们将研究这些环境的历时性,因为至关重要的是:(a)形态与格已经从希腊语的历史中消失;(B)在希腊语的近代历史中,在标准现代希腊语和北方希腊语之间,间接宾语的形态实现出现了分裂。我们将采用两种方法来解决研究问题:(一)从从荷马到现代希腊语的代表性文本语料库中收集数据;(B)从北方希腊语收集新数据,重点关注单及物动词和双及物动词的非主位宾语与被动化的关系。该项目的成果将包括学术出版物,但也包括一个在线搜索和注释树库,任何对格或希腊语感兴趣的研究人员都可以免费使用,还有一个项目网站。这项研究的影响将通过以下方式展示:(a)关于双语主义的好处和语言死亡的威胁的录像;(B)关于希腊语历史的录像;(d)关于语言学理论研究在语言教学中的相关性的录像;(e)向不同类型的第二语言学习者讲授案例类的两个教学计划。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(5)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
The DiGreC Treebank Linguistics and Literature
DiGreC 树库语言学和文学
Two modes of dative and genitive case assignment: Evidence from two stages of Greek
与格和属格分配的两种模式:来自希腊语两个阶段的证据
Syntactic Features and the Limits of Syntactic Change
句法特征和句法变化的限制
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Anagnostopoulou, E
  • 通讯作者:
    Anagnostopoulou, E
High and Low Arguments in Northern and Pontic Greek
北方希腊语和本都希腊语中的高低争论
  • DOI:
    10.3390/languages7030238
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0.9
  • 作者:
    Anagnostopoulou E
  • 通讯作者:
    Anagnostopoulou E
From lexical to dependent: the case of Greek dative
从词汇到从属:希腊语与格的情况
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2018
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Anagnostopoulou E
  • 通讯作者:
    Anagnostopoulou E
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Christina Sevdali其他文献

Christina Sevdali的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Christina Sevdali', 18)}}的其他基金

Language awareness for KS3 (LAwKS-3)
KS3 语言意识 (LAwKS-3)
  • 批准号:
    AH/V005049/1
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 24.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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