HORMONES IN CAUSE AND TREATMENT OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

拟议工作的所有方面都与甲状腺轴有关， 主题统一。业务凝聚力是通过参与和 申请人的领导能力，他的经验，并通过他的承诺， 导师制 临床研究部分是由观察结果指导的， 甲状腺状态，特别是甲状腺功能减退，是常见的， 这种变化，即使是轻微的，也可能损害CNS功能。研究 一个是针对格雷夫斯病患者，他们在 几种方法，当甲状腺功能亢进（从疾病），当甲状腺功能减退（从 放射性碘治疗），以及甲状腺功能正常时（来自激素替代）。在 研究二的概念是检查：病人来ECT可能有 被无意中“选择”为亚临床甲状腺功能减退症; ECT因此 会对他们造成“特殊”的伤害，因为它像甲状腺功能减退症一样， 记忆服用甲状腺激素能保护他们吗？研究三开始 亚临床甲状腺功能减退症的问题。它叫什么 流行吗这些患者是否可以从甲状腺激素治疗中获益？ 第四项研究旨在评估TRH在多大程度上抵消 普通的镇静剂在研究中，五名患有学习障碍的儿童被 评估其疾病的性质和严重程度以及微妙的 甲状腺状态的变化。 提出了四项动物研究，每一项都与一项或另一项产生共鸣 临床研究在研究一中，甲状腺激素在调节 测量脑神经元对钙的摄取。我们发现 甲状腺功能减退减少去极化诱导钙摄取。研究二 酒精摄入量和甲状腺状态之间的复杂关系 包括现在经典临床发现的类似物， 促甲状腺激素对促甲状腺激素释放激素的反应迟钝。研究三考察了 包括普通镇静剂在内的精神药物对TRH结合的影响 在大脑中。研究四以脑摄取作为因变量， 甲状腺激素的神经元（见上文钙的摄取）。毒品如何 影响它？我们已经证实了Dratman的发现，去甲亚胺- 丙咪嗪降低甲状腺素摄取。抗抑郁药会让大脑 甲状腺功能减退？

All aspects of the proposed work pertain to the thyroid axis,providing thematic unity. Operational cohesion is provided by the participation and leadership of the applicant, by his experience, and by his commitment to mentorship. Clinical studies are guided in part by the observation that changes in thyroid status,especially toward hypothyroidism, are common and by the notion that such changes, even when slight, may impair CNS function. Study One is addressed to patients with Graves' disease, who are assessed in several ways when hyperthyroid (from illness), when hypothyroid (from radioiodine treatment), and when euthyroid (from hormone replacement). In Study Two the notions are examined: that patients coming for ECT may have been inadvertently "selected" for subclinical hypothyroidism; that ECT thus does them "special" damage, because it, like hypothyroidism, impairs memory. Does administered thyroid hormone protect them? Study Three goes directly to the question of subclinical hypothyroidism. What is its prevalence? Do such patients profit from treatment with a thyroid hormone? Study Four seeks to assess the extent to which TRH will offset effects of common sedatives. In Study Five children with a learning disorder are assessed for the nature and severity of their disorder and for subtle changes in thyroid status. Four animal studies are proposed, each resonating with one or another clinical study. In Study One the role of thyroid hormones in regulating the uptake of calcium by brain neurons is measured. We have found that hypothyroidism reduces depolarization-induced calcium ptake. In Study Two the complex relationships in rats between alcohol intake and thyroid state are examined, including an analog of the now-classical clinical finding, TSH blunting in response to administered TRH. Study Three examines the effects of psychotropic drugs, including common sedatives, on TRH binding in brain. Study Four takes as its dependent variable the uptake by brain neurons of thyroid hormones (see uptake of calcium, above). How do drugs affect it? We have confirmed the finding of Dratman that desmethylimi- pramine reduces thyroxine uptake. Do antidepressants make the brain hypothyroid?