ETHICOBOTS 2 - One Health Research for Impact

ETHICOBOTS 2 - 一项具有影响力的健康研究

• 批准号: BB/S013806/1
• 负责人: James Wood
• 金额: $ 57.34万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FS013806%2F1
• 关键词: ETHICOBOTS; Health; Research; Impact

Ethiopia is the second most populous sub Saharan African country. It is also a predominantly agrarian country struggling to emerge from extreme poverty through an ambitious national growth and transformation plan, aiming to achieve middle income status by 2025. Livestock contributes to a high proportion of national income and is a pillars of economic development. Traditional extensive farming systems are being supplemented and replaced with intensive farming, in the case of dairy production using imported Holstein-Friesian crosses to meet high demand for dairy products in the rapidly growing urban population. Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is endemic in Ethiopia and the prevalence is high in the emerging intensive dairy population, but currently low in local Zebu cattle. Periurban expansion of dairy farms has created hotspots of TB infection and there are no statutory controls in Ethiopia. Consequently, the potential for spread of bTB through trade is an emerging risk.Our ongoing ZELS research in Ethiopia, Ethiopian Control of Bovine Tuberculosis Strategies (ETHICOBOTS) aims to provide a scientific understanding for the development of sustainable control strategies for bTB in Ethiopia, to reduce the high rate of bTB and its zoonotic transfer in the expanding dairy sector, especially to more disadvantaged population sectors. This Supplementary proposal 'ETHICOBOTS 2 - One Health with Impact' focusses on ensuring maximal impact of the research undertaken to date. It will improve the scientific base established in ETHICOBOTS and will provide clear, evidence-based tools to tackle the high burden of bTB in different sectors of the dairy industry and any zoonotic transmission. We will deliver this work through three specific work-packages, addressing critical evidence gaps to maximise impact: - Develop a pathway for the Elimination of bovine TB infection from a sub-set of national herds, working closely with the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock to clear Government farms of bTB. These farms will provide a clear local exemplar of how disease control based surveillance programmes can be successfully implemented. This will generate additional data on disease control and explore the prevalence of anergy, or test-insensitivity, in bovine TB infected cattle. - Explore new tools to communicate disease control to farmers. We will work with innovators in this field who have established new ways to communicate with farmers in other parts of Africa and in a collaboration with Farmerline, we will test their methods in Ethiopian dairies.- Address the major evidence gap regarding the cause of tuberculous disease in humans at high risk of exposure to infected cattle. Working with patients and health care facilities in areas with a high prevalence of bTB infection in cattle, we will markedly improve the diagnostic rate in TB patients by improving culture methods and by using modern molecular test to identify the causative disease agent (M. tuberculosis and M. bovis) in a range of samples, including testing for dual infections The results will provide practical and effective bTB control strategies, targeted at the disease and its zoonotic transmission to humans. Delivering impact through close collaboration with key government and industry stakeholders, we aim to prevent further geographic spread of the disease and to minimise the risks of further transmission to national zebu herd, to protect the livelihood of poor farmers. The project will be carried out with the active participation of the relevant government units and local communities in the field to maximize the likelihood of implementation of results into policy and practice.

埃塞俄比亚是撒哈拉以南非洲人口第二多的国家。它也是一个以农业为主的国家，正在通过一项雄心勃勃的国家增长和转型计划努力摆脱极端贫困，目标是到2025年达到中等收入水平。畜牧业贡献了国民收入的很高比例，是经济发展的支柱。传统的粗放型农业系统正在得到补充，取而代之的是集约化农业，例如使用进口荷斯坦-弗里西亚杂交的乳制品生产，以满足快速增长的城市人口对乳制品的高需求。牛结核病(BTB)在埃塞俄比亚流行，在新兴的集约化奶牛种群中发病率很高，但目前在当地Zebu牛中发病率较低。郊区奶牛场的扩张造成了结核病感染的热点，埃塞俄比亚没有法定的控制措施。因此，通过贸易传播牛结核病的可能性是一个新的风险。我们在埃塞俄比亚正在进行的ZELS研究，埃塞俄比亚牛结核病控制战略(ETHICOBOTS)旨在为埃塞俄比亚牛结核病可持续控制战略的制定提供科学了解，以降低牛结核病的高发病率及其在不断扩大的奶制品行业中的人畜共患传播，特别是向更不利的人口部门。这项补充提案“ETHICOBOTS 2-One Health With Impact”侧重于确保迄今为止开展的研究产生最大影响。它将改善ETHICOBOTS建立的科学基础，并将提供明确的、以证据为基础的工具，以应对乳制品行业不同部门的结核病和任何人畜共患传播的沉重负担。我们将通过三个具体的工作包开展这项工作，填补关键证据空白，以最大限度地发挥影响：-制定一条从国家牛群中消除牛结核病感染的途径，与农业和畜牧部密切合作，清除政府农场的牛结核病。这些农场将为当地如何成功实施以疾病控制为基础的监测方案提供明确的范例。这将产生更多关于疾病控制的数据，并探索牛结核病感染牛的无能或检测不敏感的流行率。-探索向农民传达疾病控制的新工具。我们将与这一领域的创新者合作，他们已经建立了与非洲其他地区农民沟通的新方法，并与Farmerline合作，我们将在埃塞俄比亚的奶牛场测试他们的方法。-解决关于高风险接触受感染牛的人类中结核病病因的主要证据差距。通过与牛结核高发地区的患者和医疗机构合作，我们将通过改进培养方法和使用现代分子测试来在一系列样本中识别引起疾病的病原体(结核分枝杆菌和牛分枝杆菌)，包括检测双重感染，从而显著提高结核病患者的诊断率。通过与主要政府和行业利益攸关方的密切合作，我们旨在防止疾病的进一步地理传播，并将进一步传播到国家斑羚牛群的风险降至最低，以保护贫困农民的生计。该项目将在实地相关政府单位和当地社区的积极参与下进行，以最大限度地将成果落实到政策和实践中。

项目成果

Population structure and transmission of Mycobacterium bovis in Ethiopia

埃塞俄比亚牛分枝杆菌的种群结构和传播

• DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.17.386748
• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Almaw G

Field evaluation of specific mycobacterial protein-based skin test for the differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis-infected and Bacillus Calmette Guerin-vaccinated crossbred cattle in Ethiopia.

• DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14252
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Transboundary and emerging diseases
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Bayissa B;Sirak A;Zewude A;Worku A;Gumi B;Berg S;Hewinson RG;Wood JLN;Jones GJ;ETHICOBOTS consortium;Vordermeier HM;Ameni G
• 通讯作者: Ameni G

The variable prevalence of bovine tuberculosis among dairy herds in Central Ethiopia provides opportunities for targeted intervention.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254091
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Almaw G;Conlan AJK;Ameni G;Gumi B;Alemu A;Guta S;Gebre S;Olani A;Garoma A;Shegu D;Yimesgen L;Nigussie D;Wood JLN;Abebe T;Mihret A;Berg S;ETHICOBOTS consortium
• 通讯作者: ETHICOBOTS consortium

Evaluation of the Efficacy of BCG in Protecting Against Contact Challenge With Bovine Tuberculosis in Holstein-Friesian and Zebu Crossbred Calves in Ethiopia.

• DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.702402
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Frontiers in veterinary science
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Bayissa B;Sirak A;Worku A;Zewude A;Zeleke Y;Chanyalew M;Gumi B;Berg S;Conlan A;Hewinson RG;ETHICOBOTS Consortium;Wood JLN;Vordermeier HM;Ameni G
• 通讯作者: Ameni G

Population structure and transmission of Mycobacterium bovis in Ethiopia.

• DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000539
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Microbial genomics
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Almaw G;Mekonnen GA;Mihret A;Aseffa A;Taye H;Conlan AJK;Gumi B;Zewude A;Aliy A;Tamiru M;Olani A;Lakew M;Sombo M;Gebre S;Diguimbaye C;Hilty M;Fané A;Müller B;Hewinson RG;Ellis RJ;Nunez-Garcia J;Palkopoulou E;Abebe T;Ameni G;Parkhill J;Wood JLN;The Ethicobots Consortium;Berg S;van Tonder AJ
• 通讯作者: van Tonder AJ