INFANT COPING STRATEGIES WITH AN INTERPERSONAL STRESS

在这个项目中要检验的主要假设是，到6个月 适龄婴儿对人际关系压力的反应具有特殊的应对方式 策略和特定的情绪反应。然而，因为一个 多种因素改变了婴儿的策略，如下 次要假设也将被检验：1)这些特定的 反应受婴儿以前的人际史影响；2) 他们受到婴儿气质的影响；3)那6个月 老年人在这些反应中表现出稳定的个体差异。为了测试 这些假设，40名男性和40名女性6个月大的婴儿和他们的 母亲将成为受试者。在相隔一周的两次会议上，他们将 体验一次正常的互动，然后是一次紧张的互动 然后是另一种正常的互动。紧张的互动将是 这位母亲仍然面无表情，毫无反应。这些会议将是 录下来了。婴儿的行为将从应对录像带中评分 使用Gianino自我调节评分系统的策略(Gianino，1982) 以及对于使用Izard的Affex系统(Izard&Dougherty， 1982年)。母亲的行为将从录像带中获得敏感度评分 使用瑞克斯的母性敏感和责任心量表(瑞克斯，1981)。 婴儿的情绪将用罗斯巴特的婴儿行为进行评估 问卷调查(Rothbart，1981)。数据将使用相关性进行分析 技术、方差分析和滞后序列技术来定义 婴儿对正常和应激反应的差异 并研究这些反应与母性敏感的关系 和气质，并测试它们随时间的稳定性。

The primary hypothesis to be tested in this project is that by 6 months of age infants respond to an interpersonal stress with specific coping strategies and specific emotional reactions. However, because a multiplicity of factors modify the infant's strategies, the following secondary hypotheses will also be examined: 1) that these specific reactions are affected by the infant's previous interpersonal history; 2) that they are affected by the infant's temperament; and 3) that 6 month olds exhibit stable individual differences in these reactions. To test these hypotheses, forty male and forty female 6 month old infants and their mothers will be subjects. At two sessions, separated by a week, they will experience a normal interaction followed by a stressful interaction followed by another normal interaction. The stressful interaction will be the mother acting still faced and unresponsive. The sessions will be videotaped. The infant's behavior will be scored from the tapes for coping strategies using Gianino's Self-Regulatory Scoring System (Gianino, 1982) and for affective displays using Izard's AFFEX system (Izard & Dougherty, 1982). The mother's behavior will be scored from the tapes for sensitivity using Ricks' Maternal Sensitivity and Responsivity Scales (Ricks, 1981). And infant tempeament will be assessed with Rothbart's Infant Behavior Questionnaire (Rothbart, 1981). Data will be analyzed using correlational techniques, analyses of variance, and lag sequential techniques to define differences between infant reactions to the normal and stressed interaction and to examine the relationship of those reactions to maternal sensitivity and temperament and to test their stability over time.