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INFANT COPING STRATEGIES WITH AN INTERPERSONAL STRESS

婴儿应对人际关系压力的策略

基本信息

批准号：
3428211
负责人：
EDWARD TRONICK
金额：
$ 2.22万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1985-07-01 至 1986-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3428211
关键词：
behavior test child behavior child psychology coping emotions infant human (0-1 year) interpersonal relations personality psychological stressor stress videotape /videodisc

项目摘要

The primary hypothesis to be tested in this project is that by 6 months of age infants respond to an interpersonal stress with specific coping strategies and specific emotional reactions. However, because a multiplicity of factors modify the infant's strategies, the following secondary hypotheses will also be examined: 1) that these specific reactions are affected by the infant's previous interpersonal history; 2) that they are affected by the infant's temperament; and 3) that 6 month olds exhibit stable individual differences in these reactions. To test these hypotheses, forty male and forty female 6 month old infants and their mothers will be subjects. At two sessions, separated by a week, they will experience a normal interaction followed by a stressful interaction followed by another normal interaction. The stressful interaction will be the mother acting still faced and unresponsive. The sessions will be videotaped. The infant's behavior will be scored from the tapes for coping strategies using Gianino's Self-Regulatory Scoring System (Gianino, 1982) and for affective displays using Izard's AFFEX system (Izard & Dougherty, 1982). The mother's behavior will be scored from the tapes for sensitivity using Ricks' Maternal Sensitivity and Responsivity Scales (Ricks, 1981). And infant tempeament will be assessed with Rothbart's Infant Behavior Questionnaire (Rothbart, 1981). Data will be analyzed using correlational techniques, analyses of variance, and lag sequential techniques to define differences between infant reactions to the normal and stressed interaction and to examine the relationship of those reactions to maternal sensitivity and temperament and to test their stability over time.

本项目要检验的主要假设是，到 6 个月后同龄婴儿会通过特定的应对方式来应对人际压力策略和特定的情绪反应。然而，因为一个多种因素改变婴儿的策略，以下次要假设也将被检验：1）这些具体的反应受到婴儿以前的人际交往史的影响； 2）他们受到婴儿气质的影响； 3) 那 6 个月老年人在这些反应中表现出稳定的个体差异。测试这些假设，四十名男性和四十名女性 6 个月大的婴儿及其母亲将成为主体。在相隔一周的两次会议上，他们将经历正常的互动，然后是有压力的互动接下来是另一个正常的交互。紧张的互动将是母亲依然面无表情，毫无反应。会议将是录像了。婴儿的行为将从录音中进行评分，以供应对使用 Gianino 的自律评分系统的策略（Gianino，1982）以及使用 Izard 的 AFFEX 系统（Izard & Dougherty、 1982）。母亲的行为将从录音带中进行敏感度评分使用 Ricks 的母亲敏感性和反应量表（Ricks，1981）。婴儿气质将通过罗斯巴特婴儿行为来评估调查问卷（Rothbart，1981）。将使用相关性分析数据技术、方差分析和滞后序贯技术来定义婴儿对正常互动和应激互动的反应之间的差异并检查这些反应与母亲敏感性的关系和气质，并测试他们随着时间的推移的稳定性。