NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING

我们的工作集中在描述认知失败的各个方面。 精神分裂症患者。我们特别尝试： 1.审查行政职能。研究已经包括了发展 类似于威斯康星卡片分类的听觉分类任务 新型延迟响应--延迟衰减型的测试与开发 任务。这两种测试都被设计成认知激活剂。 在SPECT和正电子发射计算机断层扫描研究期间。 2.检查内存功能。研究包括对 程序性区别与陈述性区别，布朗的效用 彼得森/从主动干预范式中释放出来，列表学习， 内隐学习与外显学习、费力学习与自动处理。 3.检查特异性。我们正在评估双胞胎的认知功能 不和谐的情感障碍，不和谐的双胞胎精神分裂症， 颞叶癫痫(在沃尔特里德)和创伤性脑损伤(在 NRH)。 4.探讨认知与精神病理学的关系。查普曼 快感缺乏症、知觉偏差和神奇思维的规模提供了 确定大脑之间有意义的联系的可能性 异常和心理异常。 5.考察认知增强策略。我们已经研究了 安非他明对额叶任务的影响，并正在开始一项试验 性欲强的脑复康。对记忆的抗胆碱能作用的研究也是 正在进行中。 6.探讨基底节功能与认知功能的关系 精神损害和精神病理学。我们正在对MZ双胞胎进行密集评估 多发性抽动症的神经心理学、精神病理学和核磁共振检查。

Our work has focused on characterizing various facets of cognitive failure in schizophrenia. We have attempted in particular: 1. To examine executive functions. Studies have included the development of an auditory sort task that is analogous to the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the development of novel delayed response-delayed attenuation type task. Both tests have been designed to be used as cognitive activators during SPECT and PET studies. 2. To examine memory functions. Studies have included examination of procedural vs. declarative distinctions, the utility of Brown Peterson/release from proactive interference paradigms, list learning, implicit vs. explicit learning, and effortful vs. automatic processing. 3. To examine specificity. We are assessing cognitive functions in twins discordant for affective disorder, twins discordant for schizophrenia, temporal lobe epilepsy (at Walter Reed), and traumatic brain injury (at NRH). 4. To examine the relation of cognition to psychopathology. Chapman Scales of anhedonia, perceptual aberration, and magical ideation offer the possibility of ascertaining meaningful relations between brain abnormalities and psychological abnormalities. 5. To examine cognitive enhancing strategies. We have examined the effects of amphetamine on frontal tasks and are beginning a trial of the nootropic piracetam. Studies on anticholinergic effects on memory are also underway. 6. To examine the relation between basal ganglia function, cognitive impairment, and psychopathology. We are intensively assessing MZ twins with Tourettes syndrome on neuropsychology, psychopathology, and MRI.