STUDY OF SOCIAL AND COGNITIVE ASPECTS OF SCHIZOPHRENICS

精神分裂症患者的社会和认知方面的研究

• 批准号: 6162838
• 负责人: Carmi Schooler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6162838
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; brain disorders; clinical research; cognition disorders; frontal lobe /cortex; human subject; interview; memory; psychopharmacology; schizophrenia; smooth pursuit eye movement; social behavior disorders

This project uses experimental psychological techniques to examine whether schizophrenic deficits in ocular-motor, cognitive and social tasks result from an impaired ability to suppress inappropriate responses linked to dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex and related brain areas. Data collection from our core sample of 65 medicated schizophrenics and 44 matched normals is complete. We are, however, continuing to test subjects available in both a medicated and a drug free state. This year, in order to elucidate the nature of the psychological effects of pharmacological treatments and to explore differences between typical and atypical neuroleptics, we developed some new experimental procedures that finely examine the temporal dimensions of selective attention and negative priming. We have also modified for use by schizophrenics an important new experimental measure of working memory capacity. In addition, we continued the tasks of preparing our data for analysis and carrying out analyses of already prepared data. This year we paid particular attention to the complex issues involved in eye-movement measurement. The first paper based on our eye-movement data was accepted for publication in a major journal. It compared the effects of foreperiod variations in saccadic and manual reaction time (RT) tests. Although manual RT showed the characteristic schizophrenic slowness and exaggerated foreperiod effects, no differences were found between our schizophrenic and normal subjects in saccadic RT performance. These results raise major questions about the locus of the RT deficits seen as characteristic of schizophrenia. Earlier results of substantial theoretical import were published this year in a major journal. These findings suggest that "out of sight" is "out of mind" for schizophrenic individuals and confirm conjectures by Goldman-Rakic about the effects of prefrontal cortex dysfunction on the working memory of schizophrenic individuals.

该项目使用实验心理学技术来检查 精神分裂症患者是否存在眼运动、认知和社交方面的缺陷 任务的结果是抑制不当行为的能力受损 与前额皮质功能障碍相关的反应及相关 大脑区域。从我们的 65 个药物核心样本中收集数据 精神分裂症患者和 44 名匹配的正常人已完成。然而，我们是 继续测试药物和药物中可用的受试者 自由状态。今年，为了阐明这一问题的本质， 药物治疗的心理效应并探讨 典型和非典型精神安定药之间的差异，我们开发了一些 精细检查时间维度的新实验程序 选择性注意和负启动。我们还修改了 精神分裂症患者使用一种重要的新实验测量方法 内存容量。 此外，我们继续准备数据进行分析的任务 并对已经准备好的数据进行分析。今年我们付出了 特别关注眼球运动所涉及的复杂问题 测量。第一篇基于我们眼动数据的论文被接受 在主要期刊上发表。它比较了以下效果 扫视和手动反应时间（RT）测试的前期变化。 尽管手动放疗表现出精神分裂症特有的缓慢和 夸大的前期影响，我们之间没有发现差异 精神分裂症和正常受试者的扫视 RT 表现。这些 结果提出了关于 RT 缺陷的轨迹的重大问题 精神分裂症的特征。 具有重要理论意义的早期结果已于今年发表 年在主要期刊上发表。这些发现表明“看不见” 精神分裂症患者“精神错乱”并通过以下方式证实了猜想 Goldman-Rakic 关于前额皮质功能障碍对 精神分裂症患者的工作记忆。