Social Psychological Correlates--Occupational Conditions

社会心理相关因素——职业条件

• 批准号: 6979864
• 负责人: Carmi Schooler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6979864
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; human old age (65+); human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; occupational health /safety; occupational stressor; psychological aspect of aging; psychological models; questionnaires; self concept; social psychology; socioenvironment

This project investigates how socio-environmental conditions affect the psychological functioning of the elderly. It tests hypotheses about how, as one grows older, social-structurally determined environmental conditions such as complexity affect cognitive functioning, autonomous self-directed orientations and one's feelings about oneself and one's circumstances, as well as mental and physical health. The data come from a three wave longitudinal survey based on a representative sample of American working men and their wives. The survey waves took place in 1964, 1974 and 1994. This year using data based on the 1994 third wave interviews, we tested whether the earlier findings based on the 1964 and 1974 interviews that self-directed occupational conditions increase intellectual functioning and self-directed orientations hold when the respondents are twenty years older. The results confirmed that even late in life self-directedness of work continues to affect intellectual functioning and self-directedness of orientation. These psychological characteristics, in turn, affect social-structural position in ways that increase disparities between advantaged and disadvantaged. From a sociological perspective, the findings suggest that the occupational self-directedness of a society's workers may affect its social norms, values and modes of production.

该项目调查社会环境条件如何影响老年人的心理功能。它测试了一些假设，即随着年龄的增长，社会结构决定的环境条件(如复杂性)如何影响认知功能、自主的自我定向以及对自己和所处环境的感觉，以及心理和身体健康。这些数据来自一项三波纵向调查，该调查以具有代表性的美国职场男性及其妻子为样本。调查浪潮分别发生在1964年、1974年和1994年。今年，我们使用了1994年第三波采访的数据，测试了基于1964年和1974年采访的早期发现，即自我导向的职业条件提高了智力功能和自我导向在受访者年龄20岁时是否适用。结果证实，即使在晚年，工作的自我定向也会继续影响智力功能和定向的自我定向。这些心理特征反过来又会影响社会结构地位，从而扩大优势和劣势之间的差距。从社会学的角度来看，研究结果表明，一个社会的劳动者的职业自我导向可能会影响其社会规范、价值观和生产方式。