INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN BASIC NORMAL INFORMATION PROCESSES

基本正常信息处理的个体差异

• 批准号: 6162920
• 负责人: Carmi Schooler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6162920
• 关键词: aging; attention; clinical research; cognition; human subject; interview; memory; neural information processing; schizophrenia; socioenvironment; stimulus /response

This project examines in normals basic cognitive issues arising from comparisons of the cognitive functioning of schizophrenic and normal individuals. Central to this research is the investigation of basic aspects of selective attention --how organisms selectively respond to a target stimulus when other stimuli in the environment evoke competing responses. This year a major focus has been on negative priming --the psychological tendency when an object is ignored for subsequent responses to that object to be slower or less accurate than responses to new objects. We developed and began to implement several new experimental procedures to further investigate the parameters of the phenomena and to link it to other cognitive characteristics such as working memory capacity. In addition, in keeping with our interest in normal aging we completed, and had accepted for publication in a major journal, a series of experiments which tested and cast very strong doubt on a central hypothesis in the field according to which older adults demonstrate deficits in inhibitory processing.

该项目检查正常人的基本认知问题 精神分裂症患者与正常人认知功能的比较 个人。 这项研究的核心是基础研究 选择性注意的各个方面——生物体如何选择性地响应 当环境中的其他刺激引起竞争时，目标刺激 回应。今年的主要焦点是负面启动—— 当一个物体随后被忽略时的心理倾向 对该对象的响应比对该对象的响应慢或不太准确 新对象。 我们开发并开始实施几项新的 进一步研究参数的实验程序 现象并将其与其他认知特征联系起来，例如 工作记忆容量。 此外，为了符合我们的兴趣 我们完成了正常老化，并已接受在主要期刊上发表 杂志，一系列的实验进行了测试并提出了非常强烈的怀疑 根据该领域的一个中心假设，老年人 表现出抑制加工的缺陷。