Ecosystem services to alleviate iodine, selenium and zinc malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa

缓解撒哈拉以南非洲碘、硒和锌营养不良的生态系统服务

• 批准号: NE/I003347/1
• 负责人: Martin Roger Broadley
• 金额: $ 6.06万
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FI003347%2F1
• 关键词: Ecosystem; services; alleviate; iodine; selenium

Sub-Saharan Africa endures widespread nutritional insecurity including chronic mineral/trace element malnutrition. Even when crop yields are good, trace element malnutrition causes diseases and cognitive and growth retardation, especially in children, and constrains regional economic growth. Iodine (I), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies are especially widespread sub-Saharan Africa, in part due to soil chemistry and subsistence-based agro-ecosystems. The provision of trace elements to human diets via crops is a fundamental terrestrial ecosystem service. Poor management, and environmental or socio-economic change, can compromise this service. Ecosystem management strategies to maximize I/Se/Zn availability include (1) topsoil protection, (2) 'spatially-selective' fertiliser-based crop biofortification to target receptive soil types whilst maintaining resource-consciousness, (3) green manuring, and (4) waste recycling. If ecosystems fail to deliver adequate trace elements, intervention with supplements or (bio)fortified food is feasible. Yet ecosystem management to prevent trace element malnutrition in the first instance, or to inform interventions where sustainable crop breeding options are not possible, e.g. for elements such as I and Se, remain unexplored. A Partnership and Project Development Grant (PPDG) is sought for a six-month project. The funds will support the formation of a new multinational consortium. The primary output of the PPDG will be a Research Consortium Grant (RCG). The RCG will seek (1) to improve our understanding of the role of ecosystems services provision in alleviating trace element malnutrition, (2) to enhance existing Malawian training, R&D and monitoring capabilities in trace element biogeochemistry, and (3) to facilitate and support regional knowledge exchange on trace elements within sub-Sarahan Africa. The main activities for the consortium are to compile existing biogeochemical and nutritional trace element data, identifying knowledge gaps, and to engage in transdisciplinary networking. These activities will be integrated at a workshop in Malawi (Sept. 2010). This workshop will identify local stakeholders to involve in the RCG. Workshop topics will include: 1. defining roles and responsibilities; 2. evidence gathering and preliminary hypothesis testing; 3. assessing expertise, facilities, logistics and training requirements; 4. facilitating new stakeholder partnerships; 5. determining scope, timelines and costs for RCG project delivery Four specific objectives will be addressed: 1. BIOGEOCHEMISTRY: to identify key biogeochemical processes driving variation in I/Se/Zn status of food crops in contrasting Malawian ecosystems. A spatially-co-ordinated soils/crops database will be compiled from existing data and evaluated for its use in determining I/Se/Zn bioavailability. Likely (extensive) issues with data availability, quality and curation will inform downstream RCG project requirements. 2. NUTRITION: to conduct a feasibility analysis (logistics, cost) of analysing spatial variation in I/Se/Zn dietary status and intake in contrasting Malawian ecosystems. 3. ECONOMICS: to quantify the costs and benefits of hypothetical changes in ecosystem management to alleviate I/Se/Zn deficiency in Malawi. Existing data will be integrated and new scenarios simulated. Expert assumptions, amenable to downstream testing will be used where data are lacking. 4. IMPACT: to formulate strategies so that effects of 'spatially-informed' changes to ecosystem management on I/Se/Zn status and intake can be tested. These strategies will inform the downstream RCG and could include detailed experiments with specific human-health end-points through to national scale monitoring. RCG activities will be developed alongside a full Impact Plan to include national and regional capacity building in training, R&D and monitoring.

撒哈拉以南非洲普遍存在营养不安全问题，包括慢性矿物质/微量元素营养不良。即使在作物产量良好的情况下，微量元素营养不良也会导致疾病以及认知和生长迟缓，特别是儿童，并制约区域经济增长。碘(I)、硒（Se）和锌（Zn）缺乏症在撒哈拉以南非洲尤为普遍，部分原因是土壤化学和以生存为基础的农业生态系统。通过作物向人类饮食提供微量元素是一项基本的陆地生态系统服务。管理不善、环境或社会经济变化都可能损害这项服务。最大化I/Se/Zn可用性的生态系统管理策略包括：(1)表土保护；(2)“空间选择性”施肥作物生物强化，在保持资源意识的同时针对可接受的土壤类型；(3)绿色施肥；(4)废物回收。如果生态系统不能提供足够的微量元素，用补充剂或（生物）强化食品进行干预是可行的。然而，首先预防微量元素营养不良的生态系统管理，或在不可能实现可持续作物育种选择的情况下（例如对I和Se等元素）为干预措施提供信息，仍未得到探索。为一个为期六个月的项目寻求伙伴关系和项目发展补助金（PPDG）。这些资金将支持组建一个新的跨国财团。PPDG的主要产出将是研究联盟补助金（RCG）。RCG将寻求(1)提高我们对生态系统服务提供在缓解微量元素营养不良方面的作用的理解，(2)加强马拉维在微量元素生物地球化学方面的现有培训、研发和监测能力，以及(3)促进和支持撒哈拉以南非洲地区关于微量元素的区域知识交流。该联盟的主要活动是汇编现有的生物地球化学和营养微量元素数据，确定知识空白，并参与跨学科网络。这些活动将在马拉维的一个讲习班上进行整合（2010年9月）。本次研讨会将确定参与区域协调小组的当地利益相关者。研讨会主题将包括：1；定义角色和职责；2. 证据收集和初步假设检验；3. 评估专业知识、设施、后勤和培训需求；4. 促进新的利益相关者伙伴关系；5. 确定RCG项目交付的范围、时间表和成本将解决四个具体目标：1。生物地球化学：确定马拉维不同生态系统中驱动粮食作物I/Se/Zn状态变化的关键生物地球化学过程。将根据现有数据编制一个空间协调的土壤/作物数据库，并评估其在确定I/Se/Zn生物利用度方面的用途。可能出现的（广泛的）数据可用性、质量和管理问题将通知下游RCG项目要求。2. 营养：开展可行性分析（物流、成本），分析不同马拉维生态系统中I/Se/Zn饮食状况和摄入量的空间变化。3. 经济学：量化生态系统管理假想变化的成本和收益，以缓解马拉维的I/Se/Zn缺乏症。现有数据将被整合，新的场景将被模拟。在缺乏数据的情况下，将使用适合下游测试的专家假设。4. 影响：制定策略，以便测试生态系统管理的“空间知情”变化对I/Se/Zn状态和摄入量的影响。这些战略将向下游的RCG提供信息，并可能包括具体人类健康终点的详细实验，直至全国范围的监测。RCG活动将与全面的影响计划一起制定，包括培训、研发和监测方面的国家和区域能力建设。

项目成果

INTER-RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ZINC, HEMOGLOBIN, AND SELENIUM STATUS OF RURAL MALAWIAN WOMEN

马拉维农村妇女的锌、血红蛋白和硒状况之间的相互关系

• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Siyame E.

Dietary iron intakes based on food composition data may underestimate the contribution of potentially exchangeable contaminant iron from soil

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.11.016
• 发表时间: 2015-06-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Gibson, Rosalind S.;Wawer, Anna A.;Siyame, Edwin W. P.
• 通讯作者: Siyame, Edwin W. P.

Dietary mineral supplies in Africa.

• DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12144
• 发表时间: 2014-07
• 期刊: Physiologia plantarum
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Joy EJ;Ander EL;Young SD;Black CR;Watts MJ;Chilimba AD;Chilima B;Siyame EW;Kalimbira AA;Hurst R;Fairweather-Tait SJ;Stein AJ;Gibson RS;White PJ;Broadley MR
• 通讯作者: Broadley MR

Iodine source apportionment in the Malawian diet.

• DOI: 10.1038/srep15251
• 发表时间: 2015-10-27
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Watts MJ;Joy EJ;Young SD;Broadley MR;Chilimba AD;Gibson RS;Siyame EW;Kalimbira AA;Chilima B;Ander EL
• 通讯作者: Ander EL

Soil-type influences human selenium status and underlies widespread selenium deficiency risks in Malawi.

• DOI: 10.1038/srep01425
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Hurst, Rachel;Siyame, Edwin W. P.;Young, Scott D.;Chilimba, Allan D. C.;Joy, Edward J. M.;Black, Colin R.;Ander, E. Louise;Watts, Michael J.;Chilima, Benson;Gondwe, Jellita;Kang'ombe, Dalitso;Stein, Alexander J.;Fairweather-Tait, Susan J.;Gibson, Rosalind S.;Kalimbira, Alexander A.;Broadley, Martin R.
• 通讯作者: Broadley, Martin R.