ARE FEDERAL REGULATIONS ON ALCOHOL USE SAFE

伤害是总体发病率和死亡率的一个重要原因， 儿童和年轻人死亡的主要原因。酒精的 造成交通伤害的因素有很好的记录，而且有 令人信服的证据表明，饮酒也在 相当大比例的其他意外伤害和故意伤害 事件。尽管联邦政府规定的BAC 0.04酒精限量 商船已经使用了近十年，其影响 这一级别的船舶操纵性能还没有得到评估。因此，我们 建议衡量性能是否显著下降 是目前法定限度内的证据。此外，真正的贡献是 酒精对伤害的作用可能被低估了，因为大多数关于 饮酒致伤的风险主要集中在急性酒精暴露。在……里面 相比之下，拟议的研究还将检查残留的风险 (宿醉)酒精暴露对船舶操纵性能的影响 醉酒后的第二天。我们选择了模拟商船 出于几个原因，将处理作为业绩的衡量标准；(A)复杂 提供模拟船舶操作性能的设备；(B)公共政策 管制酒精与多种类型的酒精的使用 公共和私人交通；以及(C)对以下方面的研究很少 酒精对商业船舶操纵的影响。我们将开展两项工作 评估0.04克BAC和BAC急性效应的随机研究 0.10gm%BAC对模拟船舶导引的宿醉效应 相对缺乏经验的海军学员和经验丰富的军官。 本研究的结果将提供有关以下风险的信息 因受伤而宿醉，并可能向公共政策提供关于饮酒的信息 配合商船营运。

Injury is a significant cause of overall morbidity and mortality and the leading cause of death among children and young adults. Alcohol's contribution to traffic injuries is well documented and there is compelling evidence that drinking also plays a causal role in a substantial proportion of other unintentional and intentional injury events. Although the federal alcohol limit of BAC 0.04 for operation of commercial vessels has been in force for almost a decade, the effects of this level on ship handling performance have not been evaluated. Thus, we propose to measure whether or not significant decrements in performance are evidence at the current legal limit. Moreover, the true contribution of alcohol to injury may be underestimated because most studies of the risks of drinking for injury focus on acute exposure to alcohol. In contrast, the proposed study will also examine the risks of residual (hangover) effects of alcohol exposure on ship handling performance the day following intoxication. We have selected simulated commercial ship handling as a measure of performance for several reasons; (a) sophisticated equipment is available to simulate ship handling performance; (b) public policy regulates the use of alcohol in conjunction with a number of types of public and private transport; and (c) little research has been done on alcohol's effects on commercial ship handling. We will conduct two randomized studies to assess the acute effects of 0.04 gm% BAC and hangover effects after 0.10 gm% BAC on stimulated ship guidance using both relatively inexperienced maritime cadets and experienced ship officers. The results of this study will provide information on the risks of hangovers for injury and may inform public policy on alcohol use in conjunction with commercial ship operation.