Hangover, Congeners, Sleep and Occupational Performance

描述（由申请人提供）：这个竞争性的继续申请是在我们对大量饮酒对第二天职业表现的残留影响的研究之后进行的。这些影响可能代表了一个重要的，但相对未被探索的工作场所伤害和错误的来源。包括我们自己的研究在内的几项研究表明，即使血液酒精浓度（BAGs）为零或接近零，在大量饮酒后的早晨也可能发生职业损害。这些影响已经在驾驶、模拟飞机驾驶和工业任务的执行中得到证实。我们的研究建议通过解决几个问题来增加对大量饮酒残留影响的理解。我们将提供有关这些影响的进一步文件。我们将测试关于酗酒影响第二天表现的机制的几个假设。使用安慰剂对照随机试验，我们将在参与者在职业训练模拟器上进行锻炼的前一天晚上给他们服用安慰剂或高或低同族酒精饮料（浓度为BAC的0.10 g%）。我们将监测参与者的睡眠以评估睡眠障碍；在服药后的早晨收集宿醉症状的信息；并收集参与者的饮酒家族史数据。我们将检验以下假设：(1)相对于安慰剂，大量饮酒会降低第二天的职业表现，这种关系将全部或部分地通过睡眠质量来调节；(2)同系度高的酒精饮料比同系度低的酒精饮料对运动表现的影响更大，且这种关系受宿醉症状严重程度的调节；(3)酗酒家族史阳性的被试与家族史阴性的被试相比，重度饮酒对次日职业绩效的残余影响会减弱。我们的职业模式是由海事学院的学员担任商船导航。性能将使用基于计算机的交互式船舶训练模拟器进行测量。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This competing continuation application follows up on our studies of the residual effects of heavy drinking on next-day occupational performance. These effects may represent an important, but relatively unexplored, source of injury and error in the workplace. Several studies, including our own, have indicated that even when blood alcohol concentration (BAGs) is at or near zero, occupational impairment can occur the morning after heavy drinking. These effects have been shown for driving, simulated aircraft piloting, and performance of industrial tasks. Our study proposes to increase understanding of residual effects of heavy drinking by addressing several questions. We will provide further documentation regarding these effects. We will test several hypotheses regarding the mechanism by which heavy drinking affects next-day performance. Using a placebo-controlled randomized trial, we will dose participants with placebo or with a high or low congener alcoholic beverage (to a level of 0.10 g% BAC) the night before they perform exercises on an occupational training simulator. We will monitor participants' sleep to assess sleep disturbance; collect information on hangover symptoms the morning after dosing; and collect data on participants' family history of drinking problems. We will test the following hypotheses: (1) relative to placebo, heavy drinking will degrade next-day occupational performance, and this relationship will be mediated in full or in part by quality of sleep; (2) a high congener alcoholic beverage will affect performance to a greater degree than a low congener beverage and this relationship will be mediated by severity of hangover symptoms; and (3) the residual effects of heavy drinking on next-day occupational performance will be attenuated among participants positive for a family history of alcohol problems, relative to family-history-negative participants. Our occupational model will be merchant ship navigation by maritime academy cadets. Performance will be measured using computer-based interactive ship training simulators.