Etiology of anxiety, mood and distruptive behavior disorders in adolescence

青春期焦虑、情绪和破坏性行为障碍的病因学

• 批准号: 6432870
• 负责人: Carolyn Zahn-Waxler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6432870
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); anxiety; behavior disorders; clinical research; disease /disorder etiology; emotions; health surveys; human subject; interview; mental disorders; questionnaires

This is a biobehavioral, longitudinal investigation of the role of emotion in the development of psychopathology in adolescence. The focus is on (a) the role of multiple components of negative emotions (anger, anxiety, sadness) in the evolution of psychopathology, and (b) socialization experiences and biological processes that contribute to emotion dysregulation and disorder. The dysregulated experience and expression of emotion is implicated in both externalizing (antisocial patterns) and internalizing (anxiety, depressed mood) disorders. Adolescence is a critical juncture in the development of these disorders. The incidence of psychopathology increases during this time period, and clinical problems become more differentiated along gender lines, i.e. more antisocial behavior in males and more anxiety and depression in females. Four groups of youths are studied: (1)comorbid externalizing and internalizing problems, (2)externalizing problems, (3) internalizing problems, and (4) asymptomatic. Youth range in age from 11 to 16 years and are studied at two time points, spaced two years apart. Equal numbers of males and females are studied in order to examine etiology of sex differences in symptoms, emotion regulation, and developmental changes in how disorders manifested. During the past year data collection was completed for Time 1. This year will be spent (a) coding, analyzing, and preparing articles for publication based on Time 1 data, and (b) collecting the Time 2 data for longitudinal analyses. One article on neuroendocrine responses to stress has been accepted for publication. Characteristic diurnal patterns for cortisol were observed: there was a marked drop by late morning and a further reduction by late afternoon. These decrements were present for both males and females in risk and control groups. During an anxiety induction task, increases in cortisol levels were seen only in internalizing girls. This is of interest, given that the strong sex differences in adult depression (higher in females)begin in adolescence, suggesting a possible physiological substrate.

这是一项关于情绪在青春期精神病理学发展中的作用的生物行为纵向调查。重点是（a）消极情绪（愤怒、焦虑、悲伤）的多种成分在精神病理学演变中的作用，以及（B）导致情绪失调和紊乱的社会化经历和生物学过程。情绪的失调体验和表达与外化（反社会模式）和内化（焦虑，抑郁情绪）障碍有关。青春期是这些疾病发展的关键时刻。在此期间，精神病理学的发病率增加，临床问题沿着性别线变得更加分化，即男性的反社会行为更多，女性的焦虑和抑郁更多。研究了四组青少年：（1）共病的外化和内化问题，（2）外化问题，（3）内化问题，（4）无症状。青年的年龄从11岁到16岁不等，在两个时间点进行研究，间隔两年。同样数量的男性和女性进行了研究，以检查症状，情绪调节，以及如何表现出障碍的发展变化的性别差异的病因。在过去的一年中，完成了时间1的数据收集。这一年将用于（a）基于时间1数据编码、分析和准备文章以供发表，以及（B）收集时间2数据以进行纵向分析。一篇关于神经内分泌对压力的反应的文章已被接受出版。观察到皮质醇的特征性昼夜模式：上午晚些时候显著下降，下午晚些时候进一步下降。风险组和对照组的雄性和雌性动物均存在这些减少。在焦虑诱导任务中，皮质醇水平的增加仅见于内化女孩。这很有趣，因为成年抑郁症的性别差异（女性更高）开始于青春期，这表明可能存在生理基础。