Infectious Disease/Basic Microbial Pathogenic Mechanisms

描述（由申请人提供）：这是华盛顿大学传染病/微生物基本发病机制培训补助金的续期申请。随着四五十年前普遍可用的抗生素治疗的出现，许多医生和科学家预测传染病的终结是一个主要的健康关注领域。随后发生的事件证明这一预测是错误的，过去几十年出现了许多新发现的传染病，包括莱姆病、埃利希菌病、非典型肺炎、西尼罗河脑炎、禽流感和艾滋病毒，这些都是主要的健康问题。疟疾和细菌感染等旧传染病以新的更致命和更耐抗生素的形式重新出现，也增加了公众对传染病造成的健康问题的关注。微生物生物恐怖主义的威胁也成为人们关注的焦点。很少有一个星期没有关于新传染病爆发的令人不安的头条新闻。因此，作为一个健康问题，传染病远没有逐渐消失，在过去十年中，传染病对国家健康问题的重要性比以前更大了。当前病原体出现的抗生素耐药性，新疾病病原体的发现，以及生物恐怖主义的幽灵都清楚地表明，有必要对传染病的各个方面进行更多的基础科学研究。华盛顿大学传染病/基本微生物发病机制培训计划的目的是通过招募有前途的年轻研究人员到该领域，并在与多学科合作（或在跨学科团队中工作）进行传染病研究的杰出研究人员的杰出研究项目中培训他们，以帮助满足这一需求。我们的培训项目在过去的25年里一直得到美国国立卫生研究院的支持，整合了四个部门的教师：医学，儿科，分子微生物学和病理与免疫学。该项目为医学博士、博士和医学博士/博士提供培训。博士后，博士和医学博士。传染病的发病机制和宿主防御相关学科的学生。该项目的实验室使用分子生物学、生物化学、遗传学、基因组学、免疫学和细胞生物学等工具。临床研究部分包括流行病学、生物统计学、临床试验、结果研究、卫生经济学、健康行为研究和信息学工具和方法，以培训面向患者和转化研究人员。因此，该计划培养年轻的研究人员能够回答微生物发病机制的重要问题，从基础生物学研究到应用到床边。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is an application to renew the Infectious Diseases/Basic Microbial Pathogenesis Training Grant from Washington University. With the advent of generally available antibiotic therapy 40-50 years ago, many physicians and scientists predicted the end of infectious diseases as a major area of health concern. Subsequent events have proven this prediction wrong, and the past decades have seen the emergence of many newly identified infectious diseases, including Lyme Disease, erlichiosis, SARS, West Nile encephalitis, avian influenza, and HIV, as major health problems. The reemergence of old infectious diseases, such as malaria and bacterial infections, in new more virulent and more antibiotic resistant forms also has increased public attention on the health problems posed by infectious diseases. The threat of microbial bioterrorism has also come to the forefront. It is rare that a week goes by without some troubling headline concerning new infectious disease outbreaks. Thus, far from gradual disappearance as a health concern, infectious diseases have emerged in the past decade as being of even greater importance to the health concerns of the nation than previously. The emerging antibiotic resistance of current pathogens, the discovery of new disease agents, and the specter of bioterrorism have made clear the necessity of increased fundamental scientific investigation into all aspects of infectious diseases. The purpose of the Washington University Training Program in Infectious Diseases/Basic Microbial Pathogenesis is to help fulfill this need by recruiting promising young investigators to this field and training them in outstanding research programs with preeminent investigators who collaborate across multiple disciplines (or who function in interdisciplinary teams) to perform infectious disease research. Our Training Program, which has had NIH support for the past 25 years, integrates faculty from four departments: Medicine, Pediatrics, Molecular Microbiology and Pathology & Immunology. The program provides training to M.D., Ph.D., and M.D./Ph.D. postdoctoral fellows, and to Ph.D. and M.D./Ph.D. students, in disciplines related to pathogenesis and host defense in Infectious Diseases. The laboratories of the program preceptors use tools of molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, genomics, immunology, and cell biology. The clinical research component includes epidemiology, biostatistics, clinical trials, outcomes research, health economics, health behavior research and informatics tools and methods to train patient-oriented and translational researchers. Thus, the program trains young investigators to be able to answer the important questions of microbial pathogenesis, from studies of basic biology through application to the bedside.