Anti-larval measures for malaria control in The Gambia

冈比亚控制疟疾的抗幼虫措施

• 批准号: 7068113
• 负责人: Steve Lindsay
• 金额: $ 48.49万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-30 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7068113
• 关键词: Anti; larval; measures; malaria; control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research focuses on the assessment of the ability of 2 larval control agents, Bacillus sphaericus (Bs) and B. thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) (VectoLex(r) and Vectobac(r), Valent Biosciences, USA) to reduce clinical malaria in children. Effective malaria control is under threat from drug and insecticide resistance in different parts of the tropics, and larval control may offer a new alternative for effective control. Larval control has been historically successful, but has been largely neglected over the last 50 years. Promising new formulations of Bs and Bti have recently been shown to give excellent control of the major vectors of malaria in Africa. Use of these products is better than chemical larvicides since they have multiple actions and do not appear to elicit the evolution of resistance when used together. To date few trials have measured the clinical impact of larviciding with Bs and Bti and these have been hampered by small sample size within clusters and a lack of replication of clusters and hence, low statistical power. A larger intervention study with replication is urgently required to demonstrate the proof of concept that larval control is an effective malaria control tool and to allow informed decision making by international policy makers of the relative merits of larval control. We therefore propose to carry out a large cluster-randomised intervention trial in The Gambia to investigate the ability of larval control to reduce malaria morbidity in children. The results from this study will make a major contribution to quantifying the importance of the use of Bs and Bti in the fight against malaria.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究重点是评估两种幼虫控制剂的能力，即球形芽孢杆菌（Bs）和苏云金芽孢杆菌变种。 israelensis (Bti)（VectoLex(r) 和 Vectobac(r)，Valent Biosciences，美国）可减少儿童临床疟疾。在热带地区的不同地区，有效的疟疾控制正受到药物和杀虫剂耐药性的威胁，幼虫控制可能为有效控制提供新的替代方案。 幼虫控制在历史上取得了成功，但在过去 50 年里基本上被忽视了。 Bs 和 Bti 的新配方最近被证明可以很好地控制非洲疟疾的主要传播媒介。使用这些产品比化学杀幼虫剂更好，因为它们具有多种作用，并且一起使用时似乎不会引起耐药性的演变。迄今为止，很少有试验测量 Bs 和 Bti 杀幼虫的临床影响，并且这些试验受到簇内样本量小和簇复制缺乏以及统计功效低的阻碍。迫切需要进行更大规模的复制干预研究，以证明幼虫控制是一种有效的疟疾控制工具的概念证明，并让国际政策制定者就幼虫控制的相对优点做出明智的决策。因此，我们建议在冈比亚进行一项大型整群随机干预试验，以调查幼虫控制降低儿童疟疾发病率的能力。这项研究的结果将为量化 Bs 和 Bti 在抗击疟疾中的重要性做出重大贡献。