Divorce, Depression, and Biobehavioral Dysregulation

离婚、抑郁和生物行为失调

• 批准号: 7091712
• 负责人: DAVID A SBARRA
• 金额: $ 7.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7091712
• 关键词: attention; autonomic nervous system; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; coping; depression; divorce /separation; galvanic skin response; heart rate; human subject; major depression; memory; mental disorder prevention; mental health epidemiology; neural information processing; psychological adaptation; psychological stressor; psychological tests; psychomotor reaction time; psychosocial separation; questionnaires; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Divorce is consistently rated among life's most distressing psychological experiences. Following marital dissolution, the risk for Major Depressive Disorder onset is increased by three to tenfold, and a subset of these adults will become stuck on pathways toward mental illness. With approximately 2.5 million adults newly impacted by the end of marriage each year, efforts to understand risk and protective mechanisms are of national import and critical for developing treatments and preventions. The proposed research examines two domains of self-regulatory functioning (cognitive organization and autonomic response patterning) in order to shed light on the association between marital dissolution, depression severity, and physical health outcomes. In a laboratory study, self-report, physiological, and cognitive processing reaction time data will be collected from 105 recently separated adults, two-thirds of whom report mild to moderate depression, to examine three specific aims. Aim 1 explores the association between explicit and implicit measures of cognitive organization by comparing self-reported adjustment to loss-related attention and memory tasks; Aim 2 examines whether these information processing measures predict depression severity after controlling for self-reported adjustment and other covariates; and, Aim 3 examines the cognitive processes through which depression severity impacts heart rate variability, contractility, and electrodermal responses during a divorce-specific mental activation task and a standardized acute stress challenge. Correlation and multiple regression analyses, including formal tests of statistical mediation and moderation, will be used to analyze the study aims and hypotheses. It is anticipated that integrative research of this nature can help elucidate the basic self-regulatory mechanisms that heighten risk for or protect against affective disorders and poor physical health outcomes in the aftermath of divorce. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Divorce is among the most stressful life events a person can experience, and a significant proportion of adults develop diagnosable Major Depression following marital dissolution. This research examines the predictors of post-divorce depression and how these mood disturbances can negatively impact physical health outcomes. A better understanding of the associations between divorce, depression, and health is critical for developing improved prevention and treatment programs.

描述（由申请人提供）：离婚始终被评为一生中最令人痛苦的心理经历。婚姻解散后，重度抑郁症发作的风险增加了三到十倍，这些成年人中的一部分将被困在精神疾病的途径上。每年婚姻结束结束后，大约有250万成年人对了解风险和保护机制的努力对发展和预防措施至关重要。拟议的研究研究了自我调节功能的两个领域（认知组织和自主响应模式），以阐明婚姻溶解，抑郁严重程度和身体健康结果之间的关联。在一项实验室研究中，将从最近分离的成年人中收集自我报告，生理和认知处理反应时间数据，其中三分之二报告了轻度至中度抑郁症，以检查三个特定的目标。 AIM 1通过将自我报告的调整与与损失相关的注意力和记忆任务进行比较，探讨了认知组织的明确和隐性措施之间的关联； AIM 2检查了这些信息处理措施是否在控制自我报告的调整和其他协变量后是否可以预测抑郁症的严重程度； AIM 3研究了在离婚特定的心理激活任务和标准化的急性压力挑战期间，抑郁严重程度影响心率变异性，收缩性和电肌电反应的认知过程。相关性和多元回归分析（包括正式的统计中介和适度测试）将用于分析研究目的和假设。可以预料，对这种性质的综合研究可以帮助阐明基本的自我调节机制，从而在离婚后增强或防止情感障碍和不良身体健康结果的风险和不良的身体健康结果。公共卫生相关性：离婚是一个人可以体验到的最紧张的生活事件之一，并且很大一部分成年人在婚姻解散后会出现可诊断的重大抑郁症。这项研究检查了离婚后抑郁症的预测因素，以及这些情绪障碍如何对身体健康结果产生负面影响。更好地了解离婚，抑郁和健康之间的关联对于制定改善的预防和治疗计划至关重要。