GENERAL PURPOSE BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACE(BCI)SYSTEM

通用脑机接口（BCI）系统

• 批准号: 7115701
• 负责人: Jonathan Rickel Wolpaw
• 金额: $ 67.67万
• 依托单位: WADSWORTH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-20 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7115701
• 关键词: bioengineering /biomedical engineering; biological information processing; biomedical equipment development; brain electrical activity; clinical research; communication disorder aid; computer human interaction; computer program /software; human subject; nervous system prosthesis; neuromuscular disorder; patient oriented research

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Signals from the brain can provide a new communication channel - a brain-computer interface (BCI) - for those with severe neuromuscular disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, brainstem stroke, and spinal cord injury. BCI technology can allow people who are completely paralyzed, or "locked in," to express wishes to caregivers, use word processing programs, access the Internet, or even operate neuroprostheses. Up to now, BCI research has demonstrated that a variety of different methods using different brain signals, signal analyses, and operating formats can convey a persons commands to a computer. Future progress that moves from this demonstration stage to practical applications of long-term value to those with motor disabilities requires a flexible general purpose BCI system that can incorporate, compare, and (if indicated) combine these different methods, and can support generation of standard protocols for the clinical application of this new communication and control technology. The development and clinical validation of a general purpose BCI system is the goal of this Bioengineering Research Partnership (BRP) application. Each of the investigators in this partnership has been in the forefront of research into one of the current BCI methods, and together they have extensive experience in the development of BCI systems. The aims of this proposal are: (1) to develop a flexible general purpose BCI system that can incorporate any of the relevant signals, analyses, and operating formats and can be configured for laboratory or clinical needs; (2) to use the system to compare, contrast, and combine relevant brain signals and signal processing options during BCI operation and thereby develop a standard protocol for applying BCI technology to the needs of individual users; (3) to apply the system and protocol to address specific communication needs of people with severe motor disabilities and show that BCI technology is both useful to and actually used by these individuals;(4) to apply the system and protocol to develop the use of neuronal activity recorded within cortex for communication and control, and to define the relationships between this intracortical activity and scalp-recorded signals that might be used to guide or supplement invasive methods. Achievement of these aims and dissemination of the resulting technology to other research groups should advance BCI research from its current stage of laboratory demonstrations to development and validation of a general purpose BCI communication and control technology that can incorporate all relevant brain signals and has clear practical value for those with motor disabilities.

描述(申请人提供)：来自大脑的信号可以为那些患有严重神经肌肉疾病(如肌萎缩侧索硬化症、脑干中风和脊髓损伤)的人提供一种新的沟通渠道-脑机接口(BCI)。脑机接口技术可以让完全瘫痪或被锁定的人向照顾者表达愿望，使用文字处理程序，访问互联网，甚至操作神经假体。 到目前为止，脑-机接口研究已经证明，使用不同的大脑信号、信号分析和操作格式的各种不同方法可以将一个人的命令传递给计算机。从演示阶段到对运动障碍患者具有长期价值的实际应用的未来进展需要一个灵活的通用脑机接口系统，该系统可以结合、比较和(如果指定)结合这些不同的方法，并且能够支持这一新的通信和控制技术的临床应用的标准协议的生成。通用脑机接口系统的开发和临床验证是生物工程研究伙伴关系(BRP)应用的目标。 这一合作伙伴关系中的每一位研究人员都走在了研究当前脑-机接口方法的前沿，他们共同拥有开发脑-机接口系统的丰富经验。这项建议的目的是：(1)开发一个灵活的通用BCI系统，它可以包含任何相关的信号、分析和操作格式，并且可以配置为满足实验室或临床需要；(2)使用该系统来比较、对比和组合BCI操作期间的相关大脑信号和信号处理选项，从而制定将BCI技术应用于个人用户需求的标准协议；(3)应用该系统和协议来解决严重运动障碍者的特定通信需求，并表明BCI技术对这些人既有用又实际使用；(4)应用该系统和方案开发皮层内记录的神经元活动用于通信和控制，并确定这种皮质内活动与头皮记录的信号之间的关系，以用于指导或补充侵入性方法。 这些目标的实现和由此产生的技术的传播将推动脑机接口研究从目前的实验室演示阶段发展到开发和验证一种通用的脑机接口通信和控制技术，该技术可以整合所有相关的大脑信号，并对运动障碍者具有明显的实用价值。