GENERAL PURPOSE BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACE(BCI)SYSTEM

描述（由申请人提供）：来自大脑的信号可以为患有严重神经肌肉疾病（如肌萎缩性侧索硬化症、脑干中风和脊髓损伤）的患者提供一种新的通信渠道-脑机接口（BCI）。BCI技术可以让完全瘫痪的人，或“锁定”，表达愿望的照顾者，使用文字处理程序，访问互联网，甚至操作神经假体。 到目前为止，BCI研究已经证明，使用不同的大脑信号，信号分析和操作格式的各种不同方法可以将人的命令传达给计算机。未来的进展，从这个演示阶段移动到实际应用的长期价值的那些运动障碍需要一个灵活的通用BCI系统，可以合并，比较，和（如果指示）联合收割机这些不同的方法，并可以支持标准协议的生成，用于临床应用的这种新的通信和控制技术。 通用BCI系统的开发和临床验证是该生物工程研究合作伙伴关系（BRP）应用的目标。 该合作伙伴关系中的每一位研究人员都处于当前BCI方法研究的最前沿，他们在开发BCI系统方面拥有丰富的经验。该提案的目的是：（1）开发一种灵活的通用BCI系统，该系统可以包含任何相关信号、分析和操作格式，并且可以根据实验室或临床需要进行配置;（2）利用系统进行比较、对比，并且在BCI操作期间将相关的脑信号和信号处理选项联合收割机组合，个人用户;（3）应用该系统和协议来解决具有严重运动障碍的人的特定通信需求，并表明BCI技术对这些人有用并且实际上被这些人使用;（4）应用该系统和协议来开发使用皮层内记录的神经元活动进行通信和控制，并确定这种皮质内活动与头皮记录信号之间的关系，这些信号可用于指导或补充侵入性方法。 这些目标的实现和由此产生的技术传播到其他研究小组应推进BCI研究从目前的实验室演示阶段的开发和验证的通用BCI通信和控制技术，可以将所有相关的大脑信号，并具有明确的实用价值，为那些与运动障碍。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Signals from the brain can provide a new communication channel - a brain-computer interface (BCI) - for those with severe neuromuscular disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, brainstem stroke, and spinal cord injury. BCI technology can allow people who are completely paralyzed, or "locked in," to express wishes to caregivers, use word processing programs, access the Internet, or even operate neuroprostheses. Up to now, BCI research has demonstrated that a variety of different methods using different brain signals, signal analyses, and operating formats can convey a persons commands to a computer. Future progress that moves from this demonstration stage to practical applications of long-term value to those with motor disabilities requires a flexible general purpose BCI system that can incorporate, compare, and (if indicated) combine these different methods, and can support generation of standard protocols for the clinical application of this new communication and control technology. The development and clinical validation of a general purpose BCI system is the goal of this Bioengineering Research Partnership (BRP) application. Each of the investigators in this partnership has been in the forefront of research into one of the current BCI methods, and together they have extensive experience in the development of BCI systems. The aims of this proposal are: (1) to develop a flexible general purpose BCI system that can incorporate any of the relevant signals, analyses, and operating formats and can be configured for laboratory or clinical needs; (2) to use the system to compare, contrast, and combine relevant brain signals and signal processing options during BCI operation and thereby develop a standard protocol for applying BCI technology to the needs of individual users; (3) to apply the system and protocol to address specific communication needs of people with severe motor disabilities and show that BCI technology is both useful to and actually used by these individuals;(4) to apply the system and protocol to develop the use of neuronal activity recorded within cortex for communication and control, and to define the relationships between this intracortical activity and scalp-recorded signals that might be used to guide or supplement invasive methods. Achievement of these aims and dissemination of the resulting technology to other research groups should advance BCI research from its current stage of laboratory demonstrations to development and validation of a general purpose BCI communication and control technology that can incorporate all relevant brain signals and has clear practical value for those with motor disabilities.