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The Apostle Paul in the Jewish Imagination: A Study in Ideology

犹太人想象中的使徒保罗：意识形态研究

基本信息

批准号：
AH/D501482/1
负责人：
Daniel Langton
金额：
$ 2.95万
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FD501482%2F1
关键词：
Apostle Paul Jewish Imagination Study

项目摘要

This project will fill a prominent gap in the scholarly literature through the publication of a major study on Jewish views of the first-century New Testament author, Paul. Although much has been written about Jewish views of Jesus, little has been published concerning the so-called Apostle to the Gentiles. This is remarkable since Pauline thought and Christian interpretations of it have significantly shaped the Church (especially the Protestant Church) with which Judaism has struggled down through the centuries. Traditionally, Paul's teachings have even been regarded as responsible for the 'Parting of the Ways' between Judaism and Christianity. Because an understanding of Paul is vital to understanding Christianity, a study of how the Jewish community and scholars have made sense of Paul will provide crucial insights into Jewish approaches to Christianity and to the development of Jewish-Christian relations in general.In attempting to understand how the Jewish community has regarded Paul historically, it is important to make a distinction between popular and scholarly views:1. One the one hand, this project will explore media and broadcast archives, popular histories, sermons, private correspondence, and artistic contributions including plays, novels and fine-art. It will also involve interviews with religious leaders and ordinary members of the Jewish community. The so-called traditional Jewish view of Paul', which sees him as a traitor and an enemy of the Jewish people, as one who renounced the Jewish Law or Torah and thereby condemned its loyal followers to centuries of persecution by his disciples, is well known. One hypothesis to be tested is whether the popularity of the negative view of Paul might be best explained in terms of the wider cultural landscape and, in particular, a complex array of ideas and attitudes that possess profoundly negative historical, sociological, and psychological connotations for many Jews. It is the conscious or unconscious projection of these attitudes onto Paul that might account for the power of the 'traditional Jewish view'. Conceptual categories to be analysed include (i) Jewish apostates, (ii) Jewish self-haters, (iii) Jews who disregard Torah, and (iv) Messianic Jews.2. On the other hand, this book will document the wide variety of views on the subject offered by individual Jewish writers, who have by no means always reflected popular opinion. These range from an assessment that the apostle Paul has been responsible for more Jewish deaths than any other thinker, to seeing him as a figure of hope and reconciliation for Jewish-Christian interfaith relations, to holding him up as an icon of post-modern Jewish identity politics. The history of the Jewish scholarly study of Paul is more recent than one might imagine. Until the nineteenth-century, there was little Jewish interest in Paul, in stark contrast to Jewish interest in Jesus. One hypothesis to be tested is whether the emergence of a Jewish reclamation of Jesus as a 'good Jew' at this time was responsible for the new Jewish scholarly interest in Paul as his replacement as chief representative of a hostile Christianity. In so doing, it sets out to relate the scholarship and to the religious ideology.It is the multifaceted relationship between the scholarship and public opinion that, in part, makes this study unique. In addition, it will relate for the first time historical developments in Jewish and Christian Pauline scholarship. And in the deconstruction of artistic representations of the apostle, this study will broaden the focus of how such theological subjects are approached.

该项目将通过出版一项关于第一世纪新约作者保罗的犹太人观点的主要研究，填补学术文献中的一个突出空白。虽然已经写了很多关于犹太人对耶稣的看法，但很少有关于所谓的外邦人使徒的出版。这是显着的，因为波林思想和基督教的解释，它显着塑造了教会（特别是新教教会）与犹太教已经挣扎了几个世纪。传统上，保罗的教导甚至被认为是犹太教和基督教之间“分道扬镳”的原因。因为对保罗的理解对于理解基督教至关重要，所以研究犹太社区和学者如何理解保罗将为犹太人对待基督教以及犹太-基督教关系的发展提供重要的见解。在试图理解犹太社区如何看待保罗的历史时，区分流行观点和学术观点是很重要的：1.一方面，该项目将探索媒体和广播档案，流行历史，布道，私人信件，以及包括戏剧，小说和美术在内的艺术贡献。它还将涉及对宗教领袖和犹太社区普通成员的采访。所谓传统犹太人对保罗的看法是众所周知的，这种看法认为保罗是叛徒，是犹太人民的敌人，是一个放弃犹太律法或托拉的人，从而谴责其忠实的追随者受到他的门徒几个世纪的迫害。一个有待检验的假设是，对保罗的负面看法的流行是否可以用更广泛的文化景观来解释，特别是对许多犹太人来说，一系列复杂的思想和态度具有深刻的负面历史，社会学和心理学内涵。正是这些态度有意识或无意识地投射到保罗身上，这可能解释了“传统犹太人观点”的力量。需要分析的概念类别包括：（一）犹太叛教者;（二）犹太自我憎恨者;（三）无视律法的犹太人;（四）弥赛亚犹太人。另一方面，这本书将记录各种各样的意见，就这个问题所提供的个别犹太作家，谁也绝不总是反映民意。这些评价包括：使徒保罗比任何其他思想家都要为更多的犹太人死亡负责;将他视为犹太-基督教信仰间关系的希望与和解的人物;将他视为后现代犹太身份政治的偶像。犹太人对保罗的学术研究的历史比人们想象的要近。直到19世纪，犹太人对保罗的兴趣很少，这与犹太人对耶稣的兴趣形成鲜明对比。一个有待检验的假设是，当时犹太人把耶稣当作“好犹太人”的复兴是否是犹太人对保罗的新学术兴趣的原因，因为保罗是敌对基督教的首席代表。在这样做的时候，它着手将学术和宗教意识形态联系起来。正是学术和公众舆论之间的多方面关系，部分地使这项研究独一无二。此外，它将涉及第一次在犹太教和基督教波林奖学金的历史发展。而在解构使徒的艺术表现时，本研究将扩大如何处理这些神学主题的焦点。