CSHL Cell and Developmental Biology of Xenopus

CSHL 细胞和非洲爪蟾的发育生物学

• 批准号: 7393859
• 负责人: TERRI I. GRODZICKER
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-04-01 至 2009-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7393859
• 关键词: Adult; Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Antibodies; Antisense Oligonucleotides; Arabidopsis; Area; Arts; Bacteriology; Bacteriophages; Basic Science; Behavior; Biochemical; Biochemistry; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Models; Biology; Birds; Botany; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caring; Cell Cycle; Cells; Cloning; Collaborations; Collection; Communities; Complex; Computer software; Crystallography; DNA; DNA Microarray Chip; DNA Microarray format; Data; Development; Developmental Biology; Developmental Cell Biology; Discipline; Disease; Drosophila genus; Educational process of instructing; Educational workshop; Embryo; Embryology; Embryonic Development; Embryonic Induction; Enrollment; Epidemiologic Studies; Event; Excision; Exposure to; Facility Construction Funding Category; Faculty; Fertilization; Fishes; Fission Yeast; Foundations; Funding; Future; Gene Expression; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Models; Genetic Recombination; Genome; Genomics; Grant; Haploidy; Home environment; Hormones; Hour; Human; Human Genome; Image; Image Analysis; Immersion Investigative Technique; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; In Vitro; Institutes; Institution; Instruction; Ion Channel; Knock-out; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Assistant; Learning; Libraries; Life; Long Island; Medical; Messenger RNA; Methodology; Methods; Microbial Genetics; Microinjections; Micromanipulation; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Biology; Molecular Cloning; Molecular Genetics; Mus; National Cancer Institute; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Mental Health; Nature; Nervous system structure; Neurobiology; Neurosciences; Normal Cell; Nucleic Acid Regulatory Sequences; Numbers; Oligonucleotides; Oocytes; Organism; Organogenesis; Ovulation Induction; Participant; Phage Display; Phenotype; Philosophy; Physiology; Policies; Postdoctoral Fellow; Preparation; Procedures; Production; Progress Reports; Protein Chemistry; Proteomics; Purpose; Rana; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Research; Research Institute; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Technics; Research Training; Resources; Roentgen Rays; Route; Schedule; Science; Scientist; Senior Scientist; Sequence Analysis; Series; Side; Signal Pathway; Small Interfering RNA; Staging; Staining method; Stains; Stem cells; Structure; Students; Techniques; Technology; Testis; Time; Tissue Differentiation; Tissues; Tracer; Training; Transgenic Animals; Transgenic Organisms; Transplantation; Vertebrates; Viral Genes; Virus Cultivation; Vision; Week; Work; Writing; Xenopus; Xenopus laevis; Zoology; animal care; bacterial genetics; cellular imaging; combinatorial; computational neuroscience; concept; day; design; desire; egg; experience; falls; genetic analysis; genetic manipulation; genome sequencing; immunocytochemistry; in vivo; innovation; instructor; interest; investigator training; knock-down; lecturer; lectures; mutant; neoplastic cell; nervous system disorder; programs; promoter; protein purification; size; skills; stem; structural biology; yeast genetics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dramatic progress has been made in the fields of cell and developmental biology in recent years, largely due to the application of new technical approaches to classical problems. This has led to the need for advanced courses to train investigators to study those animal models, such as Xenopus, that have been important in making new discoveries. Funds are being sought to continue the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory course on "Cell and Developmental Biology of Xenopus" which has been taught for eleven years as part of an integrated set of courses in a number of areas of modern biology. This course provides extensive laboratory exposure to the biology and manipulation of embryos from the frogs Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis. Xenopus is a vertebrate uniquely suited for studies of early development, since large numbers of embryos, from fertilization onward, can readily be obtained. Development is rapid and the large size of the embryos facilitates their micromanipulation. This allows analysis (at the single cell level if necessary) of such important issues as maternal regulation and embryonic inductions that are not feasible in mammalian, avian, or fish embryos. The course is suited both for those who have a knowledge of molecular biology and developmental biology but have had no experience with Xenopus, as well as those with some Xenopus experience who wish to learn newly developed, advanced techniques. The specific areas that will be covered are (1) Care and handling of Xenopus adults, removal of oocytes, induction of ovulation, egg collection, testis isolation, and in vitro and natural fertilization; (2) Stages of embryonic development and anatomy; (3) Whole mount in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, including double probe staining; (4) Microinjection of eggs and oocytes with lineage tracers, antisense morpholino oligonucleotides, mRNA, and DNA constructions; (5) Micromanipulation of embryos, including induction and transplantation assays; (6) Oligonucleotide antisense techniques for "knock-out" of maternal molecules; (7) Preparation and use of cell cycle extracts for construction of transgenic embryos; and (8) Use of Xenopus tropicalis as a genetic model. It is anticipated that the basic organization of the course and much of the course material will remain unchanged during the proposed period of support. However, fast-developing topics, such as the in vivo use of siRNA for gene knock-downs, new promoter sequences for use in transgenesis, and the availability of transgenic and mutant lines, will be discussed and integrated into the course as the field progresses.

描述（由申请人提供）：近年来，细胞和发育生物学领域取得了巨大的进展，这主要是由于新技术方法在经典问题上的应用。这导致需要高级课程来训练研究人员研究那些动物模型，比如非洲爪蟾，它们在新发现中起着重要作用。目前正在寻求资金继续开展冷泉港实验室的“非洲爪蟾的细胞和发育生物学”课程，该课程作为现代生物学若干领域的综合课程的一部分已经教授了11年。本课程提供了广泛的实验室接触，从非洲爪蟾和热带爪蟾胚胎的生物学和操作。爪蟾是一种特别适合研究早期发育的脊椎动物，因为从受精开始，可以很容易地获得大量的胚胎。胚胎发育迅速，大尺寸有利于显微操作。这允许分析（必要时在单细胞水平上）诸如母体调控和胚胎诱导等重要问题，而这些问题在哺乳动物、鸟类或鱼类胚胎中是不可行的。本课程既适合那些具有分子生物学和发育生物学知识但没有爪蟾经验的人，也适合那些有爪蟾经验但希望学习最新开发的先进技术的人。具体涉及的领域有：(1)成年非洲爪蟾的护理和处理，卵母细胞的取出，排卵的诱导，卵子的收集，睾丸的分离，以及体外和自然受精；(2)胚胎发育阶段及解剖；(3)全载原位杂交和免疫组织化学，包括双探针染色；(4)微量注射带有谱系示踪剂、反义形态学寡核苷酸、mRNA和DNA结构的卵子和卵母细胞；(5)胚胎的显微操作，包括诱导和移植试验；(6)“敲除”母体分子的寡核苷酸反义技术；(7)构建转基因胚胎细胞周期提取物的制备及应用；(8)利用热带非洲爪蟾作为遗传模型。