Adolescent Drug Use: Exploring Neurocognitive Precursors

青少年吸毒：探索神经认知前体

• 批准号: 7495025
• 负责人: HALLAM HURT
• 金额: $ 58.11万
• 依托单位: CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7495025
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Risk Behavior; Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavior; Characteristics; Childhood; Cognitive; Data Analyses; Decision Making; Dependency; Development; Dimensions; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Emotional; Enrollment; Esthesia; Etiology; Event; Exhibits; Gender; Hand; Impulsive Behavior; Impulsivity; Individual Differences; Informal Social Control; Investigation; Laboratories; Maps; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Metabolic; Methods; Modeling; Neurocognitive; Numbers; One-Step dentin bonding system; Performance; Personality; Personality Traits; Physiological; Preclinical Drug Evaluation; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention strategy; Prospective Studies; Purpose; Range; Rate; Relative (related person); Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Risk Behaviors; Risk-Taking; Role; Sampling; Self Assessment; Sexual Maturation; Short-Term Memory; Socioeconomic Status; Staging; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Synapses; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Urine; adolescent drug use; behavior measurement; cognitive control; cognitive function; density; design; early onset; early onset substance use; executive function; functional status; heuristics; improved; postnatal; programs; reward processing; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Substance use disorders in adults commonly have their onset in adolescence, with earlier onset predicting subsequent development of dependency and abuse. Our long-term objectives here are reduction of substance use disorders through an improved understanding of the precursors of early initiation of substance use by adolescents. We propose exploration of the neurocognitive precursors of early substance use, hypothesizing that particular neurocognitive characteristics will predict adolescent drug-use trajectories. We target exploration of prefrontal cortex (PFC) function, as the PFC is notable for its prolonged period of postnatal maturation and for its involvement in decision-making, self-regulation, and impulsivity -- traits common to adolescents and to substance users. This 5-year investigation, designed as a multicohort observational longitudinal project, proposes the following specific aims: 1) to map the developmental trajectory of prefrontally-mediated cognitive functions; 2) to examine the relation between laboratory measures of prefrontal cognitive functions and measures of impulsivity, and to map the developmental trajectory of impulsivity; and 3) to investigate the role of prefrontal cortex function and impulsivity in early drug use and in various adolescent drug-use trajectories. In an urban, mixed socioeconomic status sample, three groups of 175 subjects will be enrolled at the following ages 10, 11, and 12 years, for a total of 525 subjects. Each group will be followed for 5 years. On four occasions subjects will be administered a battery of neuro-cognitive tasks and measures of impulsivity, will complete an assessment of risk behaviors, a self-assessment for pubertal stage, and provide a urine sample for drug screening. The major data analysis strategy will use mixture models to calculate differential trajectories of development of the prefrontal cortex and impulsivity as well as drug use initiation. At project end we anticipate improved understanding of the neurocognitive precursors of adolescent drug use. This, in turn, will provide an infrastructure for developing prevention strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）： 成年人的物质使用障碍通常在青春期发病，较早发病预示着随后的依赖和滥用。我们在这方面的长期目标是通过更好地了解青少年早期开始使用药物的前兆来减少药物使用障碍。我们建议探索早期物质使用的神经认知前体，假设特定的神经认知特征将预测青少年吸毒轨迹。我们的目标是探索前额叶皮层（PFC）的功能，因为PFC是值得注意的，其出生后的成熟期延长，并参与决策，自我调节和冲动-青少年和物质使用者的共同特征。本研究是一项为期5年的多队列观察性纵向研究，主要目的是：（1）绘制前额叶认知功能的发展轨迹图;（2）研究实验室测量的前额叶认知功能与冲动性之间的关系，绘制冲动性的发展轨迹图;以及3）研究前额叶皮质功能和冲动性在早期药物使用和各种青少年药物使用轨迹中的作用。在城市混合社会经济地位样本中，将入组3组175例受试者，年龄分别为10岁、11岁和12岁，共计525例受试者。每组将随访5年。在四种情况下，受试者将接受一系列神经认知任务和冲动性测量，完成风险行为评估、青春期阶段自我评估，并提供尿液样本用于药物筛选。主要的数据分析策略将使用混合模型来计算前额叶皮层和冲动性以及药物使用开始的不同发展轨迹。在项目结束时，我们预计青少年药物使用的神经认知前体的理解。这反过来将为制定预防战略提供基础设施。

项目成果

Working memory ability and early drug use progression as predictors of adolescent substance use disorders.

• DOI: 10.1111/add.13792
• 发表时间: 2017-07
• 期刊: Addiction (Abingdon, England)
• 作者: Khurana A;Romer D;Betancourt LM;Hurt H
• 通讯作者: Hurt H

Adolescent risk taking, impulsivity, and brain development: implications for prevention.

• DOI: 10.1002/dev.20442
• 发表时间: 2010-04
• 期刊: DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Romer, Daniel

Modeling Trajectories of Sensation Seeking and Impulsivity Dimensions from Early to Late Adolescence: Universal Trends or Distinct Sub-groups?

• DOI: 10.1007/s10964-018-0891-9
• 发表时间: 2018-09-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Khurana, Atika;Romer, Daniel;Hurt, Hallam
• 通讯作者: Hurt, Hallam

Does adolescent risk taking imply weak executive function? A prospective study of relations between working memory performance, impulsivity, and risk taking in early adolescence.

青少年的冒险行为是否意味着执行功能较弱？关于青春期早期工作记忆表现、冲动性和冒险行为之间关系的前瞻性研究。

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2011.01061.x
• 发表时间: 2011-09
• 期刊: Developmental science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Romer D;Betancourt LM;Brodsky NL;Giannetta JM;Yang W;Hurt H
• 通讯作者: Hurt H

Is executive cognitive function associated with youth gambling?

• DOI: 10.1007/s10899-011-9256-y
• 发表时间: 2012-06
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF GAMBLING STUDIES
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Betancourt, Laura M.;Brodsky, Nancy L.;Brown, Caitlin A.;McKenna, Kathleen A.;Giannetta, Joan M.;Yang, Wei;Romer, Daniel;Hurt, Hallam
• 通讯作者: Hurt, Hallam