ORWH: SCOR on Sex and Gender Factors Afecting Women's Health

ORWH：影响女性健康的性和性别因素的 SCOR

• 批准号: 7288437
• 负责人: Rajita Sinha
• 金额: $ 103.56万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-30 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7288437
• 关键词: ORWH; SCOR; Sex; Gender; Factors

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Competitive Renewal of the Yale SCOR on Women Health: Sex, Stress and Substance Abuse Substance use disorders (SUDs) are chronic relapsing illnesses with devastating psychosocial, health and societal consequences. Differential susceptibility to SUDs in men and women is well known. Historically, prevalence of disorders such as cocaine abuse is higher in men than women, but emerging evidence indicates that adolescent girls are as likely or slightly more likely to use and abuse substances, such as cocaine, than adolescent boys. Stress is a major factor increasing the vulnerability to develop SUDs in girls and in women. Our current SCOR findings indicate that females are more vulnerable to the addictive properties of abusive drugs and that stress markers such as early trauma and altered stress neurobiology plays a pivotal role in the continued drug use and relapse cycle in women. In this SCOR competitive renewal, we propose translational research that will systematically examine mechanisms of such increased vulnerability in girls and in women. Continued support is requested to conduct interdisciplinary studies to address the following three scientific goals: (1) to examine sex differences in the neural and psychobiological effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on stress responses affecting risk of developing SUDs; (2) to evaluate the effects of sex-specific factors in the association between stress, drug seeking and vulnerability to cocaine relapse; and (3) to build scientific collaborations through consultation and research support so as to increase the study of sex-specific effects on stress and drug abuse among investigators locally, regionally and nationally. These goals will be accomplished by means of basic science and clinical studies conducted in animals and in humans. A greater understanding of these interactions will directly affect the development of sex-specific prevention and treatment approaches that will enhance the health of addicted women and their families. The following specific aims will be achieved by the SCOR: (1) To conduct a series of translational research projects on the interdisciplinary study of sex-specific effects in the association between stress and SUDs across the lifespan; (2) To extend the SCOR collaborative research program utilizing SCOR core scientific resources to facilitate the investigation of sex-specific factors in ongoing independently-funded research relating to the etiology, neurobiology and treatment of SUDs that includes faculty and research at other institutions; (3) To assist a range of young investigators from different disciplines both at Yale and at other institutions in conducting sex-specific research on stress and drug abuse through mentorship, research support and scientific consultation; (4) To establish inter-SCOR collaborations on common stress mechanisms to study similarities and differences in biological and social factors that contribute to stress-related disorders affecting women's health.

描述（由申请人提供）：竞争性更新耶鲁SCOR妇女健康：性，压力和物质滥用物质使用障碍（SUD）是慢性复发性疾病，具有破坏性的心理，健康和社会后果。众所周知，男性和女性对SUD的易感性不同。从历史上看，可卡因滥用等疾病在男子中的流行率高于妇女，但新出现的证据表明，少女使用和滥用可卡因等药物的可能性与少年男孩一样或略高。压力是增加女孩和妇女患SUD的可能性的一个主要因素。我们目前的SCOR研究结果表明，女性更容易受到滥用药物的成瘾特性的影响，并且压力标记物，如早期创伤和改变的压力神经生物学在女性的持续药物使用和复发周期中起着关键作用。在这个SCOR竞争性更新，我们提出的转化研究，将系统地研究机制，这种增加的脆弱性，在女孩和妇女。要求继续支持开展跨学科研究，以实现以下三个科学目标：（1）审查产前接触可卡因对影响发生吸毒成瘾风险的应激反应的神经和心理生物学影响方面的性别差异;（2）评价性别特异性因素在应激、吸毒和可卡因复吸脆弱性之间的关联方面的影响;（3）通过咨询和研究支持建立科学合作，以便在地方、区域和国家的研究人员中增加性别对压力和药物滥用的影响的研究。这些目标将通过在动物和人类中进行的基础科学和临床研究来实现。更好地了解这些相互作用将直接影响到针对性的预防和治疗方法的发展，这将提高成瘾妇女及其家庭的健康。SCOR将实现以下具体目标：（1）开展一系列跨学科的转化研究项目，研究压力与SUDs之间关系的性别特异性影响;（2）利用SCOR核心科学资源，扩大SCOR合作研究计划，以促进正在进行的与病因学相关的独立资助研究中的性别特异性因素调查，神经生物学和SUD的治疗，包括教师和其他机构的研究;（3）通过指导，研究支持和科学咨询，协助耶鲁大学和其他机构来自不同学科的一系列年轻研究人员进行关于压力和药物滥用的性别特异性研究;（4）建立SCOR之间关于共同压力机制的合作，以研究导致压力的生物和社会因素的异同-影响妇女健康的相关疾病。