Etiology of suicidal behavior during adolescence and emerging adulthood

描述(由申请人提供)： 摘要这项为期3年的“青春期和成年初期自杀行为的病因学”项目是对疾病控制和预防中心RFA-CE-10-005“预防暴力和暴力相关伤害的研究资助”的响应，该资助呼吁对自杀行为进行“病因学研究”。我们的主要研究目标是确定变量，以降低12至25岁年轻人自杀企图的风险。我们将考察三种类型的降低风险的变量：1)直接降低风险的“促进”因素，即它们显示出与SA直接相反的关系；2)通过调节(降低)风险因素的效力来缓冲风险的“保护”因素；3)既促进又保护的变量。在社会连通性框架的指导下，我们将重点关注连通性对同伴、学校、父母和家庭的促进和保护作用。我们还将研究社会资本的促进和保护作用，社会资本是衡量社区内部联系的一种衡量标准。最后，我们将调查在青春期评估的与父母的联系等方面的促进和/或保护作用是否会持续到成年。为了实现这些目标，我们将分析两个大型前瞻性数据集，这些数据集是为酒精中毒遗传学合作研究(COGA)评估的青少年和新兴成年人。我们还将分析通过外部数据来源(例如，区域资源文件)得出的社会资本衡量标准。在目标1中，我们将测试青年自杀行为风险的病因学模型。在目标2中，我们将研究与同伴、学校、父母和家庭的联系的潜在促进作用和保护作用。将通过测试在目标1分析中确认的风险因素的调节剂来检查保护效果。在目标3中，我们将考察社会资本的促进和保护作用。我们将主要使用混合效应模型和结构方程模型进行分析。该项目将由一个经验丰富的多学科研究团队进行。结果将通过同行评审的研究论文、会议报告和在纽约州举行的每年两次的自杀预防会议(传播会议)来传播，在这些会议上，将向普通观众进行非技术性介绍。 公共卫生相关性： 虽然大多数关于自杀行为的研究都集中在风险因素上，但这个项目的目标是确定在青春期(12岁至17岁)和成年初期(18岁至25岁)期间降低自杀企图风险的变量，这一时期自杀企图的发生率达到顶峰，是最终自杀的最大风险因素。在自杀研究和预防的社会联系框架的指导下，我们将研究与同伴、学校、父母和家庭的联系在多大程度上降低了自杀企图的风险，以及这些联系的降低风险的效果是否会持续到成年。我们还将研究社会资本--一种衡量社区内联系的指标--是否有助于降低青少年和初出茅庐的成年人企图自杀的风险，并对制定战略以加强年轻人与他人的联系以防止自杀行为产生影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Abstract This 3-year project "etiology of suicidal behavior during adolescence and emerging adulthood" is in response to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention RFA-CE-10-005 "Research Grants for Preventing Violence - and Violence Related Injury" that calls for "etiologic research" on suicidal behavior. Our primary research objective is to identify variables that decrease risk for suicide attempts in young people ages 12 to 25. We will examine three types of variables that decrease risk: 1) "promotive" factors that decrease risk directly, that is they show a direct, inverse relationship to SA; 2) "protective" factors that serve as a buffer against risk by moderating (lowering) the potency of risk factors; 3) variables that are both promotive and protective. Informed by a social connectedness framework, we will focus on promotive and protective effects of connectedness to peers, school, parents, and family. We will also examine promotive and protective effects of social capital, a measure of the connectedness within a community. Finally, we will investigate whether or not the promotive and/or protective effects of connectedness to parents, etc. assessed during adolescence endure into emerging adulthood. To accomplish these goals, we will analyze two large prospective datasets of adolescents and emerging adults assessed for the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA). We will also analyze measures of social capital derived through external data sources (e.g., Area Resource File). In Aim 1, we will test an etiological model of risk for suicidal behavior in youth. In Aim 2, we will examine the potentially promotive effects and protective effects of connections with peers, school, parents, and family. Protective effects will be examined by testing moderators of the risk factors confirmed in the Aim 1 analyses. In Aim 3, we will examine the promotive and protective effects of social capital. We will perform the analyses primarily using mixed effects models and structural equation models. The project will be carried out by an experienced multi-disciplinary research team. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed research papers, conference presentations, and twice-yearly suicide prevention meetings held in New York State (dissemination conferences) where non-technical presentations will be made to general audiences. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: While most studies of suicidal behavior focus on risk factors, the goal of this project is to identify variables that decrease risk for suicide attempt during adolescence (ages 12 to 17) and emerging adulthood (ages 18 to 25), a time in the life course when the prevalence of suicide attempts peak and represents the most potent risk factor for eventual suicide. Informed by a social connections framework for suicide research and prevention, we will study the extent to which connectedness to peers, school, parent, and family lowers risk for a suicide attempt and whether or not the risk-lowering effects of these connections endures into emerging adulthood. We will also examine whether or not social capital, a measure of connectedness within a community, serves to lower adolescents and emerging adults risk for making a suicide attempt, with implications for developing strategies to strengthen young peoples' connections with others in order to prevent suicidal behavior.