microRNAs in Human Cancer

人类癌症中的 microRNA

• 批准号: 8234414
• 负责人: Gregory J Hannon
• 金额: $ 66.63万
• 依托单位: COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8234414
• 关键词: Behavior; Biological; Biological Assay; Cell physiology; Cells; Characteristics; Commit; Data; Diagnosis; Disease; Epithelial; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Female; Foundations; Genetic; Gland; Goals; Heterogeneity; Hormone Receptor; Human; Image; Instruction; Intervention; Laboratories; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammary Neoplasms; Mammary Tumorigenesis; Mammary gland; MicroRNAs; Molecular Profiling; Molecular Target; Mus; Myoepithelial; NCI Center for Cancer Research; Natural regeneration; Neoplasm Metastasis; Normal Cell; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Play; Population; Prevention; Property; RNA Interference; Role; Series; Stem cells; System; Testing; Transplantation; Tumor Subtype; Woman; Work; base; cell type; in vivo; in vivo Model; innovation; killings; mRNA Expression; malignant breast neoplasm; mammary epithelium; molecular phenotype; neoplastic cell; progenitor; research study; self-renewal; tumor; tumorigenesis; tumorigenic

PROJECT SUMMARY (See instructions): Project 4 has been a leader in revealing the myriad roles played by microRNAs in human cancer. We will build upon this foundation with an increased biological focus on breast cancer. We will isolate the six, well defined mammary epithelial cell types from normal virgin and parous female mice and define their miRNA and mRNA expression profiles. In so doing, we hope to better define the mammary stem cell (MaSC) and gain an appreciation for the pathways that maintain its self-renewal. This will include a definition of miRNAs and miRNA targets that are important in the MaSC. Using normal cells as a reference point, we will work to understand the relationship between mammary tumor initiating cells and normal mammary stem cells. In part, we aim to test the relevance of tumor initiating populations, which thus far have only been detected in transplantation studies, to breast cancer in in vivo models of basal tumorigenesis. We hope to identify pathways that determine tumor initiating potential and to relate these to self-renewal pathways used by mammary stem cells. We appreciate that both normal and tumor cells function in context, and we will therefore strive to understand how the in vivo niche supports MaSC self-renewal. Similarly, we will ask whether tumor initiating cells occupy a niche or whether their special status is a cell autonomous property. With the realization that it is usually metastatic disease that kills patients, we will also probe the niches occupied by disseminated tumor cells, which can lie dormant for decades following initial treatment before they progress to frank metastases. Using a series of highly innovative strategies, including molecular profiling, RNAi-based genetics, and sophisticated imaging a whole, this Project takes a comprehensive approach to understanding the roles of miRNAs in breast cancer.

项目总结（见说明）： 项目4一直是揭示microRNA在人类癌症中发挥的无数作用的领导者。我们将在此基础上进一步加强对乳腺癌的生物学关注。我们将从正常的处女和经产雌性小鼠中分离六种明确的乳腺上皮细胞类型，并确定其miRNA和mRNA表达谱。通过这样做，我们希望更好地定义乳腺干细胞（MaSC）， 获得对维持自我更新的途径的欣赏。这将包括在MaSC中重要的miRNA和miRNA靶标的定义。以正常细胞为参照点，我们将致力于了解乳腺肿瘤起始细胞和正常乳腺干细胞之间的关系。在某种程度上，我们的目标是测试肿瘤起始群体的相关性，到目前为止，这些群体仅在肿瘤细胞中被检测到。 移植研究，在基底肿瘤发生的体内模型中的乳腺癌。我们希望确定决定肿瘤启动潜力的途径，并将其与乳腺干细胞使用的自我更新途径联系起来。我们认识到正常细胞和肿瘤细胞都在环境中起作用，因此我们将努力了解体内小生境如何支持MaSC自我更新。同样，我们也会问肿瘤起始细胞是否占据了一个小生境，或者它们的特殊状态是否是细胞的自主属性。 由于认识到通常是转移性疾病导致患者死亡，我们还将探索播散性肿瘤细胞所占据的壁龛，这些细胞可以在初始治疗后休眠数十年，然后才发展为坦率的转移。利用一系列高度创新的策略，包括分子分析，基于RNAi的遗传学和复杂的成像，该项目采取了全面的 了解miRNAs在乳腺癌中作用的方法。