SIV INFECTION OF BABOON CELLS

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。次级项目的主要支助 子项目的主要研究者可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其它NIH来源。 列出的子项目总成本可能 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 而不是由NCRR赠款提供给子项目或子项目工作人员的直接资金。 人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）和HIV-2感染的建立是猿免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）分别从黑猩猩（SIVcpz）和白眉猴（SIVsmm）多次跨物种传播的结果。虽然超过35种非洲非人灵长类（NHP）物种携带其独特的SIV毒株，其中许多是由猿猴传播引起的，但这些自然SIV感染是慢性和繁殖性的，但与免疫缺陷无关。 狒狒（Papio hamadryas ssp.），非洲分布最广泛的NHP物种之一，似乎并没有自然感染SIV，即使他们的家域重叠的许多SIV感染的NHP物种。 尽管在极少数野生狒狒中有SIV感染的血清学证据，但从这些动物中分离出复制病毒的报道还没有。这种对SIV感染的明显天然抵抗力的原因尚不清楚。狒狒已被证明对HIV-1的实验性感染没有抵抗力，并且可以感染HIV-2和SHIV。此外，在我们的手中，狒狒淋巴细胞支持SIVmac和SIVagm的生产性感染，表明细胞内的抗病毒因子，如APOBEC 3蛋白，Trim-5 <$和Tetherin可能不会导致这种抗性。 我们的长期目标是确定狒狒对SIV感染的天然抵抗力的因素。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. The establishment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 infections in humans is the consequence of multiple cross-species transmissions of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) from chimpanzees (SIVcpz) and sooty mangabeys (SIVsmm), respectively. While over 35 African nonhuman primate (NHP) species carry their unique strain of SIV, many of which resulted from simian-to-simian transmissions, these natural SIV infections are chronic and productive but not associated with immunodeficiency. Baboons (Papio hamadryas ssp.), one of the most widely distributed African NHP species, do not seem to be naturally infected with SIV even though their home-ranges overlap those of many SIV-infected NHP species. Despite serological evidence for SIV infection in very few wild-living baboons, isolation of a replicating virus from these animals has not been reported. The reasons for this apparent natural resistance to SIV infection are not known. Baboons have been shown not to be resistant to experimental infections with HIV-1 and can be infected with HIV-2 and SHIVs. Further, in our hands, baboon lymphocytes support productive infection with SIVmac and SIVagm, indicating that intracellular antiviral factors like APOBEC3 proteins, Trim-5¿, and Tetherin probably do not contribute to this resistance. Our long-term goal is to identify the factors responsible for natural resistance to SIV infection in baboons.