Health trajectories from age 12-32: Disparities, discrimination, & socialization

12-32 岁的健康轨迹：差异、歧视、

• 批准号: 8841956
• 负责人: JACQUELYNNE S ECCLES
• 金额: $ 12.94万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-11 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8841956
• 关键词: Accounting; Adolescence; Adolescent Development; African American; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; American; Attenuated; Behavior; Child; Child health care; Classification; Cluster Analysis; Complex; Coping Skills; Development; Discrimination; Equation; European; Event; Exercise; Family; Gender; Grouping; Growth; Guide prevention; Health; Health behavior; Individual Differences; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Maryland; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Nature; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Peer Pressure; Population; Preventive Intervention; Psyche structure; Race; Resistance; Resources; Role; Sampling; Schools; Shapes; Socialization; Testing; Time; Waist-Hip Ratio; Work; Youth; coping; early adolescence; early childhood; emerging adult; experience; health disparity; improved; parental influence; parental role; peer influence; person centered; physical conditioning; prevent; psychologic; racial and ethnic; racial discrimination; social; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Health disparities between African Americans (AA) and European Americans (EA) living in the USA are well documented. However, the mechanisms underlying these health disparities are not well-delineated. Although environmental, structural, and SES factors that contribute to racial/ethnic (R/E) health disparities are present in early childhood, these factors alone cannot account fully for disparities in health, suggesting that some of the between-group health disparities reflect the effects of race-related experiences. As adolescence is a period characterized by increases in racial salience, it is an ideal starting point for analyses examining the role of race-related experiences (e.g., perceived racial discrimination [PRD], R/E socialization) on health. In this project, we examine individual differences in trajectories of health and health behaviors from age 12 to 32 and the roles of PRD, parent socialization, and youth R/E identity and coping resources in moderating the shape of these trajectories. These models will describe health disparities between AAs and EAs, as well as within AA and EA groups, in different patterns of change in physical health, substance use, exercise, and other health- related behaviors and outcomes. Although some work has explored the impact of parents on their children's health and ability to cope with discrimination, little work has examined parents' influence on their children's health trajectories in the second and third decades of life. Using the Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study - a nationally-recognized, 8-wave, longitudinal study of family, school, neighborhood, and peer influences on psychological, social, and physical development - we seek to understand the role of parents in the development of their children's health into young adulthood. Specifically, we will create trajectories of physical health and health-related behaviors from approximately age 12 to approximately age 32 (Aim 1). Next, in Aim 2, we will examine the extent to which individual differences in health trajectories are predicted by (a) R/E classification, gender, and SES; and (b) PRD and critical life events. We will then use these baseline models to examine the extent to which the relations between critical life events (e.g., PRD) and health trajectories are mediated by R/E identities and coping skills. We will next create profiles of general and R/E- specific parent socialization and examine their relations to each other and to youth R/E identity and coping resources (Aim 3). Finally, in Aim 4, we will examine the extent to which the prediction models and health trajectories revealed in Aims 1 and 2 vary across the socialization profiles generated in Aim 3.

描述（由申请人提供）：居住在美国的非洲裔美国人（AA）与欧洲美国人（EA）之间的健康差异已得到充分记录。但是，这些健康差异的基础机制并未得到很好的限制。尽管在童年时期存在促成种族/种族（R/E）健康差异的环境，结构和SES因素，但仅这些因素就无法完全解释健康的差异，这表明某些组间的健康差异反映了与种族相关的经历的影响。由于青春期的特征是种族显着性的提高，因此它是分析研究与种族相关的经历（例如，感知的种族歧视[PRD]，R/E社交化）作用的理想起点。在这个项目中，我们研究了12至32岁的健康和健康行为轨迹的个体差异，以及PRD，父母社会化以及青年R/E身份的作用，以及应对这些轨迹形状的资源。这些模型将描述AAS和EAS之间以及AA和EA组之间的健康差异，以不同的身体健康，物质使用，运动和其他与健康相关的行为和结果的不同模式。尽管一些工作探讨了父母对孩子健康的影响和应对歧视的能力，但很少有工作检查父母在生活的第二十年和第三十年中对孩子对孩子的健康轨迹的影响。在上下文研究中，使用马里兰州的青少年发展 - 一项全国认可的，8波，对家庭，学校，邻里和同伴对心理，社会和身体发展的影响 - 我们试图了解父母在子女健康到年轻人的发展中的作用。具体而言，我们将创建从12岁到大约32岁的身体健康和健康相关行为的轨迹（AIM 1）。接下来，在AIM 2中，我们将检查（a）R/E分类，性别和SES在健康轨迹上的个体差异的程度； （b）PRD和关键生活事件。然后，我们将使用这些基线模型来检查关键生活事件（例如PRD）与健康轨迹之间的关系的程度，由R/E身份和应对技能介导。接下来，我们将创建一般和r/e-特定的父母社会化的概况，并研究他们之间的关系，并与青年人的身份和应对资源（AIM 3）。最后，在AIM 4中，我们将研究AIM 1和2中的预测模型和健康轨迹在AIM 3中产生的社会化概况中揭示的程度。