Health trajectories from age 12-32: Disparities, discrimination, & socialization

12-32 岁的健康轨迹：差异、歧视、

• 批准号: 8411587
• 负责人: JACQUELYNNE S ECCLES
• 金额: $ 27.56万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-11 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8411587
• 关键词: Accounting; Adolescence; Adolescent Development; African American; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; American; Attenuated; Behavior; Child; Child health care; Classification; Cluster Analysis; Complex; Coping Skills; Development; Discrimination; Equation; European; Event; Exercise; Family; Gender; Grouping; Growth; Guide prevention; Health; Health behavior; Individual Differences; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Maryland; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Nature; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Peer Pressure; Population; Preventive Intervention; Psyche structure; Race; Resistance; Resources; Role; Sampling; Schools; Shapes; Socialization; Testing; Time; Waist-Hip Ratio; Work; Youth; coping; early adolescence; early childhood; emerging adult; experience; health disparity; improved; parental influence; parental role; peer influence; person centered; physical conditioning; prevent; psychologic; racial and ethnic; racial discrimination; social; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Health disparities between African Americans (AA) and European Americans (EA) living in the USA are well documented. However, the mechanisms underlying these health disparities are not well-delineated. Although environmental, structural, and SES factors that contribute to racial/ethnic (R/E) health disparities are present in early childhood, these factors alone cannot account fully for disparities in health, suggesting that some of the between-group health disparities reflect the effects of race-related experiences. As adolescence is a period characterized by increases in racial salience, it is an ideal starting point for analyses examining the role of race-related experiences (e.g., perceived racial discrimination [PRD], R/E socialization) on health. In this project, we examine individual differences in trajectories of health and health behaviors from age 12 to 32 and the roles of PRD, parent socialization, and youth R/E identity and coping resources in moderating the shape of these trajectories. These models will describe health disparities between AAs and EAs, as well as within AA and EA groups, in different patterns of change in physical health, substance use, exercise, and other health- related behaviors and outcomes. Although some work has explored the impact of parents on their children's health and ability to cope with discrimination, little work has examined parents' influence on their children's health trajectories in the second and third decades of life. Using the Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study - a nationally-recognized, 8-wave, longitudinal study of family, school, neighborhood, and peer influences on psychological, social, and physical development - we seek to understand the role of parents in the development of their children's health into young adulthood. Specifically, we will create trajectories of physical health and health-related behaviors from approximately age 12 to approximately age 32 (Aim 1). Next, in Aim 2, we will examine the extent to which individual differences in health trajectories are predicted by (a) R/E classification, gender, and SES; and (b) PRD and critical life events. We will then use these baseline models to examine the extent to which the relations between critical life events (e.g., PRD) and health trajectories are mediated by R/E identities and coping skills. We will next create profiles of general and R/E- specific parent socialization and examine their relations to each other and to youth R/E identity and coping resources (Aim 3). Finally, in Aim 4, we will examine the extent to which the prediction models and health trajectories revealed in Aims 1 and 2 vary across the socialization profiles generated in Aim 3.

描述（由申请人提供）：生活在美国的非洲裔美国人（AA）和欧洲裔美国人（EA）之间的健康差异有很好的记录。然而，这些健康差异背后的机制并没有很好地描述。虽然环境、结构和社会经济地位因素会导致幼儿期种族/民族（R/E）健康差异，但仅凭这些因素并不能完全解释健康差异，这表明群体之间的一些健康差异反映了与种族相关的经历的影响。由于青春期是一个以种族显著性增加为特征的时期，因此它是分析与种族有关的经历（例如，感知到的种族歧视[PRD]，性别/性别社会化）对健康的作用的理想起点。在本项目中，我们研究了12 - 32岁青少年健康和健康行为轨迹的个体差异，以及PRD、父母社会化、青少年R/E认同和应对资源在调节这些轨迹形状中的作用。这些模型将描述AA和EA之间以及AA和EA组内在身体健康、物质使用、运动和其他健康相关行为和结果的不同变化模式中的健康差异。虽然一些工作探讨了父母对子女健康和应对歧视能力的影响，但很少有工作研究父母对子女在生命的第二和第三个十年的健康轨迹的影响。利用马里兰青少年发展背景研究——一项全国公认的八波纵向研究，研究家庭、学校、社区和同伴对心理、社会和身体发展的影响——我们试图了解父母在孩子健康发展到成年早期的过程中所扮演的角色。具体来说，我们将创建从大约12岁到大约32岁的身体健康和与健康相关的行为轨迹（目标1）。接下来，在目标2中，我们将检查健康轨迹的个体差异在多大程度上可以通过(a) R/E分类、性别和社会地位来预测；(b)珠三角和关键的生活事件。然后，我们将使用这些基线模型来检查关键生活事件（例如，PRD）与健康轨迹之间的关系在多大程度上是由R/E身份和应对技能介导的。接下来，我们将创建一般和R/E特定父母社会化的概况，并检查他们彼此之间的关系，以及与青少年R/E身份和应对资源的关系（目标3）。最后，在目标4中，我们将研究目标1和2中揭示的预测模型和健康轨迹在目标3中生成的社会化概况中的变化程度。